European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society
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Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. · Mar 2019
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyFunctional outcome after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury is superior in adolescents compared to adults.
Determining differences in neurological and functional outcome between adolescents and adults after acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Neurological outcome after traumatic cervical SCI is not superior in adolescents compared to adults in this cohort. Significantly higher SCIM scores indicate more functional gain for the adolescent patients after traumatic cervical SCI. Juvenile age appears to be an independent predictor for a better functional outcome.
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Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. · Jan 2019
Review Case ReportsBickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis and overlapping Guillain-Barré syndrome in children: Report of two cases and review of the literature.
Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis (BBE) is a rare autoimmune encephalitis, characterized by acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and altered state of consciousness. Together with Guillan-Barrè Syndrome (GBS) and Miller-Fisher Syndrome, it forms a spectrum of post-infectious demyelinating diseases. Overlapping forms between BBE and GBS (BBE/GBS) are described in patients with lower limbs weakness and typical signs of BBE, suggesting a combined involvement of Central and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), but only few reported cases are focused on pediatric population. ⋯ Only 25% of the patients that underwent brain MRI showed abnormal findings. The incidence of BBE/GBS has been underrated in the past, mostly due to an underestimation of the PNS involvement. We therefore suggest to investigate all patients with a clinical picture suggestive of BBE/GBS through electroencephalogram, NCS, brain and spine MRI in order to promptly achieve the correct diagnosis.
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Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population, typically in children under the age of two years. Neuroimaging plays a key role in the diagnostic work up of these patients as information regarding the mechanism of injury is often lacking and the findings on examination can be nonspecific. ⋯ The repercussions associated with a diagnosis or misdiagnosis of AHT can be severe and radiologists therefore need to be aware of and familiar with the imaging differentials of AHT. In this paper we review the imaging findings of the radiological mimics of AHT and focus on features that can help differentiate these entities from AHT.
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Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. · Nov 2018
Meta AnalysisSafety and efficacy of recanalization therapy in pediatric stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis and endovascular therapy in children with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are unknown to date. We aimed to review and synthesize currently available evidence on these acute recanalization therapies in pediatric stroke patients. ⋯ URL: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO. Unique identifier: CRD42016047140.
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Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. · Nov 2018
Case ReportsElectrical status epilepticus in sleep, a constitutive feature of Christianson syndrome?
Christianson syndrome (CS) is a X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder, including severe intellectual disability (ID), progressive microcephaly, ataxia, autistic behaviour (ASD), near absent speech, and epilepsy. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) has been reported in two patients. We describe five male patients from three unrelated families with Christianson syndrome caused by a pathogenic nucleotide variation or a copy-number variation involving SLC9A6. ⋯ The two published case reports and our observation suggests that ESES could be a constitutive feature of Christianson syndrome, as it has already been shown for other Mendelian epileptic disorders, such as GRIN2A and CNKSR2-related developmental epileptic encephalopathies. Sleep EEG should be performed in patients with Christianson syndrome between 4 and 8 years of age. ESES occurring in the context of ID, ASD and severe speech delay, could be helpful to make a diagnosis of CS.