The journal of medical investigation : JMI
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Although the efficacy of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is well established for open-heart surgery, application of ECC in other surgical areas has not been given much attention. Advances in the related surgical technique and anesthetic management combined with refinements in the ECC procedure itself have encouraged several institutions to use ECC for complex non-cardiac surgeries. ⋯ It is important that the surgeon, anesthesiologist, and perfusionist are trained in non-cardiac surgery applications of ECC. Thus, we review here non-cardiac uses that have emerged and summarize the related procedures.
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in developed countries. Recently, autofluorescence bronchoscopy has been reported to improve the early detection of lung cancer in high-risk individuals. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of autofluorescence bronchoscopy for the early detection of bronchial premalignant and malignant lesions. ⋯ The sensitivity and negative predictive value for the detection of bronchial premalignant and malignant lesions were significantly higher with the addition of autofluorescence bronchoscopy than white light bronchoscopy alone. Moreover, the sensitivity for the detection of bronchial premalignant lesions was extremely higher with the addition of autofluorescence bronchoscopy than white light bronchoscopy alone, whereas there was no significant difference between autofluorescence bronchoscopy and white light bronchoscopy alone for the detection of non-malignant and malignant lesions. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy is a novel modality for the early detection of bronchial abnormality, especially for bronchial premalignant lesions.
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It has been reported that G-CSF administration improves cardiac function by reducing the area of the infarct in a myocardial infarction model rat. In the present study, myocardial infarction model rats, produced by ligation of the left anterior coronary artery, were prepared. The G-CSF effect for treating cardiac muscle cell disorders by ischemia reperfusion was studied. ⋯ Any inhibitory effect of G-CSF on the infarct lesion was found in the myocardial infarction reperfusion model rat, but only a small effect was found in rats with a complete ligation-induced myocardial infarction. The findings in the present study, therefore, suggest that G-CSF is effective for treating cardiac muscle cell disorders by ischemia reperfusion.
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A 55-year-old man was investigated for right upper abdominal quadrant pain. He had no history of abdominal trauma or surgery. ⋯ Therefore, vascular reconstruction was not performed. He had an uneventful postoperative course.
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We developed a novel protocol for generation and selective amplification of neural progenitor cells regionally specified to the rostral brain but not the spinal cord from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The neural progenitors could differentiate in vitro and in vivo into many cholinergic and a few GABAergic neurons but rarely into astrocytes. The transplanted neurospheres could survive in the hippocampus (CA3) of animals with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the mild and severe TBI groups. The data also revealed significant differences between the mild TBI and normal groups. The transplanted neurospheres could survive in the mild TBI animals, but not in the severe TBI group.