Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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High-frequency spinal cord stimulation (SCS) administered below the sensory threshold (subparesthetic) can inhibit pain, but the mechanisms remain obscure. We examined how different SCS paradigms applied at intensities below the threshold of Aβ-fiber activation (sub-sensory threshold) affect spinal nociceptive transmission in rats after an L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). ⋯ Traditional suprathreshold SCS acutely inhibits spinal nociceptive transmission. Low-frequency subthreshold SCS with a long pulse width (200 Hz, 1 msec), but not higher-frequency SCS, also attenuates C-LFP.
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Sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation (SPG-S) is an invasive form of neuromodulation by which a neurostimulator is implanted into the pterygopalatine fossa to treat refractory chronic cluster headache. The implant is MRI conditional, up to 3 T, however there is no clinical data on the shape, size, and location of the artifact produced by the implant. ⋯ The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Feasibility of Computerized Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Combined With Bifrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Treatment of Major Depression.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has demonstrated preliminary antidepressant effects and beneficial effects on cognitive function. ⋯ Combining tDCS with computer-based CBT is feasible for MDD. Further work is needed to evaluate potential synergistic effects of combined tDCS and CBT.