Journal of palliative medicine
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Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to consolidate the existing evidence on opioid use, including administration, dosing, and efficacy, for the relief of dyspnea at end of life. The overarching goal is to optimize clinical management of dyspnea by identifying patterns in opioid use, improving opioid management of dyspnea, and to prioritize future research. Background: Opioids are commonly used in the management of dyspnea at end of life, yet specific administration guidelines are limited. ⋯ Sedation was the most reported opioid-related adverse effect. Discussion: Challenges persist in conducting end-of-life research, preventing consensus on standardization of opioid treatment for dyspnea within this specific palliative time frame. Future robust prospective trials using specific, accurate assessment with reassessment of dyspnea/respiratory distress, and consideration of opioid tolerance, polypharmacy, and comorbidities are required.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Video Decision Aid for Advance Care Planning among Community-Dwelling Older Chinese Adults: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
Background: Health literacy is the foundation for discussing and reaching decisions regarding future care in advance care planning (ACP). Objectives: This cluster randomized controlled trial compared the effects of a video decision aid with those of verbal narratives accompanied by photos in preparing community-dwelling Chinese adults for ACP. Setting and Subjects: Adults aged 60 years or older who were capable of communicating and decision making (n = 182). ⋯ Conclusions: The findings showed that both video decision aids and verbal narratives accompanied by photos are effective ways to prepare older Chinese adults for ACP, although the video format was more effective for knowledge transfer. More work is needed to evaluate the sustained effects of these education interventions. Clinical Trial: This trial was registered at ISRCTN14628950.
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Purpose: Primary palliative care (PPC) interventions are needed to address unmet symptom needs within standard oncology care. We designed an oncology nurse-led PPC intervention using shared care planning to facilitate patient engagement. This analysis examines the prevalence and severity of symptoms reported by patients and how symptoms were addressed on shared care plans (SCPs). ⋯ Conclusion: The symptoms that patients report most frequently and as most severe on SCPs were addressed less frequently than expected. Further research is needed to understand how PPC interventions can be designed to more effectively target and improve bothersome symptoms for patients with advanced cancer. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02712229.
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Objectives: About 16,000 infants die in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) each year with many experiencing invasive medical treatments and high number of symptoms.1 To inform better management, we characterized diagnoses, symptoms, and patterns of care among infants who died in the NICU. Method: Retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) review of 476 infants who died following admission to a large regional level IV NICU in the United States over a 10-year period. Demographic, symptom, diagnosis, treatment, and end-of-life characteristics were extracted. ⋯ Conclusions: Although the medical profiles of infants who die in the NICU are complex, the overall number of symptoms was less than in older pediatric populations. For infants at high risk of mortality rate, providers should assess for common symptoms over time. To manage symptoms as effectively as possible, both timely and continuous communication with parents and early referral to palliative care are recommended.