Indian J Med Res
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Animal disease surveillance encompasses systematic collection of long-term data on disease events, risk factors and other relevant parameters followed by analyzing the same with reference to temporal and spatial characteristics to arrive at a conclusion so that necessary preventive measures can be taken. In India, the animal disease surveillance is done through National Animal Disease Reporting System, which is a web-based information technology system for disease reporting from States and Union Territories with the aim to record, monitor livestock disease situation and to initiate the preventive and curative action in a swift manner during disease emergencies. ⋯ An integrated surveillance system is necessary for early detection of emerging/zoonotic diseases in humans. This review provides information on disease reporting and surveillance systems in animal health sector and the need for One Health approach to improve and strengthen the zoonotic disease surveillance system in India.
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Fisheries comprise the fastest growing sector meeting the global protein requirements. Being an affordable enterprise, it is considered a safe source of food and the muscles of healthy fishes are almost sterile. However, a multitude of hazards (biological, chemical, and environmental) can be introduced into aquaculture throughout the production and supply chain. ⋯ Ensuring safe, secure, affordable, and quality food for all in a global context is pragmatically difficult. In this context, it is quite imperative to understand the ecology and dynamics of these hazards throughout the entire production chain in a One Health approach. Here, we discuss the issues and challenges faced in the fisheries sector as a whole and the need for a One Health approach to overcome such hurdles.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, single-dose comparative pharmacokinetic study of DRL_TZ, a candidate biosimilar of trastuzumab, with Herceptin® (EU) in healthy adult males.
Trastuzumab (TZ) is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive early breast cancer, metastatic breast and gastric cancers. For the development of TZ biosimilars, establishing pharmacokinetic equivalence is required. The primary objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) of Dr Reddy's Laboratories TZ (DRL_TZ) with that of EU-approved Reference Medicinal Product (RMP), Herceptin® in healthy adult male subjects. ⋯ In this study, DRL_TZ demonstrated PK equivalence with the RMP and had comparable safety and immunogenicity profiles in healthy adult male subjects.
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The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is calculated and disseminated annually. India, which is the 5th largest economy in the world and has a good ranking in many other indicators, has a poor ranking based on this index. ⋯ Referring to this index as a Hunger Index, and thereby ranking countries is not appropriate, since many of the measures that are used to evolve an index that measures hunger are probably contextual. Countries should therefore evolve their own measures that are suitable for their own context.
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The connection between nature conservation and human wellbeing is well known, however, the role of declining biodiversity and emerging diseases is relatively less studied. The presence of a thriving biological diversity is known to have therapeutic effects on human health. ⋯ This review describes studies on zoonotic diseases and biodiversity, with examples from India. It is argued that conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems and changes in economic activities must be made to ward off new diseases, and why cooperation between ministries is critical to restrict the decline of biological diversity in a megadiverse country like India.