Neurochirurgie
-
Two consecutive series of patients operated for insertion or revision of a shunt for hydrocephalus have been followed for at least 18 months. The series are comparable. The first series (84 cases) did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis, whereas the second series (59 cases) received a unique dose of intravenous Vancomycin immediately before the operation. ⋯ Bacteriological samples were taken during these operations. The positive cultures, mostly for sta. epidermidis, were as frequent among the cases of the first series than among those of the second series. The antibiotics are considered effective in protecting the shunting device against contamination during the surgical procedure by germs from the skin of the patient.
-
The authors report the case of two sisters: each suffered from two intracranial hemorrhages caused by aneurysmal rupture at an interval of respectively 8 and 5 years. In the first case, the first subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was related to a left middle cerebral artery aneurysm and the second, 8 years later, to the rupture of one of three right aneurysms (anterior communicating, supraclinoid internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries). But the "de novo" character of the right aneurysms could not be established. ⋯ These two observations of familial, multiple and "de novo" intracranial aneurysms suggest a genetic basis for the pathogenesis of the arterial dysplasia. As in the literature, these hypothetical congenital factors could not be identified in both cases, but their probability justifies further investigations. If this factor exists, can we hope for a total recovery of the aneurysmal disease?
-
Editorial Comparative Study
Value of MRI in head injury. Comparison with CT.
-
Among 250 patients consecutively admitted in our center with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, 66 patients (24.4%) were initially classified in Hunt and Hess clinical grade IV (37 cases) or grade V (29 cases). All patients were studied as following: --The severity of subarachnoid haemorrhage was evaluated on the pre-operative C. T. scan using Fisher's criteria. ⋯ According to the initial clinical grade, the initial C. T. scan findings, the eventual post-operative angiographic presence of an arterial thrombosis or vasospasm, it was obvious that the final bad outcome was mainly related to the severity of the initial haemorrhage. However, in 7 patients, post-operative disability or death can be explained by other complications, principally an arterial thrombosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
The angiographic and/or anatomic study of a series of 30 cases of Vein of Galen aneurysm (which is defined as an arterio-venous fistula within the wall of the vein of Galen itself, therefore as a purely extra cerebral lesion) permits the analysis of the afferent arteries, of the efferent veins, and of the aneurysmal sac itself. The examination of the afferent arteries confirms the data from the literature, indicating that most often it consists of the abnormal hypertrophy of otherwise normally organized arteries, including the dural arteries. In particular, the involvement of distal subcallosal branches of the anterior cerebral arteries as well as the arterio-arterial maze extending above the collicular plate, fit well the normal anatomy. ⋯ Unfortunately, no clue was found to orient to a specific cause for the anomaly. The frequently observed venous occlusions are actually not seen in neonates but rather in older children. This, and the fact that spontaneous thromboses within the malformative veins have been observed in vivo, make likely the conclusion that venous occlusions are a secondary phenomenon only.