The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Arginine is important in the response to infections and is a precursor for the synthesis of the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO). Low plasma arginine is correlated with a worse prognosis in patients with sepsis, and increased NO has been implicated in the hypotension of sepsis. Data on in vivo arginine and NO kinetics are lacking in hypotensive septic adults. ⋯ Patients with septic shock have a shortage in the availability of arginine associated with a slower production. Impaired renal excretion of NOx is a contributor to the high plasma NOx in these patients.
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Meta Analysis
Association between fruit and vegetable consumption and oral cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Oral cancer ranks as the seventh most common form of cancer worldwide. Recent reports have examined the effect of fruit and vegetable intake on the risk of oral cancer, but results are controversial. ⋯ The consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of oral cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Antenatal supplementation with micronutrients and biochemical indicators of status and subclinical infection in rural Nepal.
Previously we showed that women in rural Nepal experience multiple micronutrient deficiencies in early pregnancy. ⋯ In rural Nepal, antenatal supplementation with multiple micronutrients can ameliorate, to some extent, the burden of deficiency. The implications of such biochemical improvements in the absence of functional and health benefits remain unclear.
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The Curriculum Committee of the Nutrition Academic Award (NAA) has created a consensus document of knowledge, skills, and attitude learning objectives for medical nutrition education. To evaluate the impact of nutrition education in residency training, it is necessary to specify the goals and objectives of that education in terms of specific learner outcomes. ⋯ The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has proposed a schema for organizing resident competencies. This article illustrates one way that the NAA curriculum objectives can be translated into specific competencies to demonstrate medical knowledge, patient care, practice-based learning, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, and systems-based practice.
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Numerous entreaties have been made over the past 2 decades to improve the nutrition knowledge and skills of medical students and physicians. However, most graduating medical students continue to rate their nutrition preparation as inadequate. ⋯ With the move to a more integrated curriculum and problem-based learning at many medical schools, a substantial portion of the total nutrition instruction is occurring outside courses specifically dedicated to nutrition. The amount of nutrition education in medical schools remains inadequate.