The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Abdominal obesity is associated with coronary risk, although causality is not well established. ⋯ The differences found in the composition and metabolism of perivisceral, omental, and subcutaneous fats may indicate that their atherogenic capacities also differ.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Enteral compared with parenteral nutrition: a meta-analysis.
The difference in outcomes in patients is unclear when 2 types of enteral nutrition, ie, tube feeding and conventional oral diets with intravenous dextrose (standard care), are compared with parenteral nutrition. ⋯ Tube feeding and standard care are associated with a lower risk of infection than is parenteral nutrition; however, mortality is higher and the risk of infection tends to be higher with standard care than with parenteral nutrition in malnourished populations.
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Nutritional support is an important link between the response to injury and recovery in critical illness. ⋯ Metabolic changes were not significantly different between septic and nonseptic critically ill patients during the administration of standardized total parenteral nutrition. A disease-specific macronutrient composition of total parenteral nutrition formulas does not seem to be necessary in either septic or nonseptic critically ill patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of a high-dose concentrate of n-3 fatty acids or corn oil introduced early after an acute myocardial infarction on serum triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol.
Results of epidemiologic studies and clinical trials indicate that moderate doses of n-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and may improve prognosis. ⋯ No clinical benefit of a high-dose concentrate of n-3 fatty acids compared with corn oil was found despite a favorable effect on serum lipids.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Low-dose vitamin B-6 effectively lowers fasting plasma homocysteine in healthy elderly persons who are folate and riboflavin replete.
Current data suggest that physiologic doses of vitamin B-6 have no significant homocysteine-lowering effect. It is possible that an effect of vitamin B-6 was missed in previous trials because of a much greater effect of folic acid, vitamin B-12, or both. ⋯ Low-dose vitamin B-6 effectively lowers fasting plasma tHcy in healthy subjects who are both folate and riboflavin replete. This suggests that any program aimed at the treatment or prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia should include vitamin B-6 supplementation.