The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Sep 2004
Trends in urology graduate medical education: a brief update from the Urology Residency Review Committee.
This communication clarifies recent trends with regard to the number and configuration of urology training programs, and more precisely describes recent variations in the number of urology residents in training. ⋯ We describe recent trends in urological graduate medical education. The observations reported suggest that our specialty has maintained its focus on training a consistent number of high quality urological surgeons.
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The Journal of urology · Sep 2004
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialInterim results from a national multicenter phase II trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus interferon alfa-2b for superficial bladder cancer.
Interim results are provided from a large multicenter trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) plus interferon (IFN) alfa-2b for BCG naive (BCG-N) and previous BCG failure (BCG-F) cases of superficial bladder cancer. ⋯ This multicenter trial provides a benchmark for the efficacy and safety of combination BCG and IFN as up front and salvage therapy. The incremental value of IFN cannot be determined from this study.
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We reviewed the current literature on mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). ⋯ The symptoms of CP/CPPS appear to result from an interplay between psychological factors and dysfunction in the immune, neurological and endocrine systems.
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The Journal of urology · Sep 2004
Biomarkers of congenital obstructive nephropathy: past, present and future.
Congenital obstructive nephropathy constitutes one of the major causes of renal insufficiency in infants and children. This review addresses the need to define biomarkers that serve as surrogate end points for measuring the severity of obstruction, the evolution of renal maldevelopment and injury, and the response to medical or surgical intervention. ⋯ We must define the cellular and molecular bases of renal maldevelopment, focusing on the link between functional and developmental pathophysiology. These findings will lead to biomarkers that will optimize our management of congenital obstructive nephropathy.