The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Nov 2000
The mismatch repair gene hMSH2 is mutated in the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP.
Mismatch repair genes are responsible for the coordinated correction of misincorporated nucleotides formed during DNA replication. Inactivating and inherited mutations in the prototypic mismatch repair gene hMSH2 have been described in a cancer predisposition syndrome known as hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. Patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer are at increased risk for colon cancer and extracolonic cancers such as upper tract transitional cell carcinoma but not prostate cancer. We investigated expression of hMSH2 in prostate cancer cell lines using genetic and molecular analysis. ⋯ The well described prostate cancer cell line LNCaP has a mutation in the hMSH2 gene, resulting in loss of expression and possible evidence of microsatellite instability. To our knowledge our finding is the first demonstration of a genetic alteration in hMSH2 in a prostate cancer cell line.
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The Journal of urology · Nov 2000
Dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the female pelvis.
We assessed the merit of dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo sequence T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating pelvic organ prolapse and all other female pelvic pathology by prospectively correlating clinical with imaging findings. ⋯ Dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo MRI appears to be an important adjunct in the comprehensive evaluation of the female pelvis. Except for rectocele, pelvic floor prolapse is accurately staged and pelvic organ pathology reliably detected. The technique is rapid, noninvasive and cost-effective, and it allows the clinician to visualize the whole pelvis using a single dynamic study that provides superb anatomical detail.
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The Journal of urology · Nov 2000
Similarity of distributions of spinal c-Fos and plasma extravasation after acute chemical irritation of the bladder and the prostate.
Persistent pain in referred areas and voiding dysfunction are characteristic symptoms of chronic abacterial prostatitis. Since referred pain from visceral organs is considered a neurological event, it appeared reasonable to hypothesize that the persistent pain associated with prostatitis might also be explained by neural mechanisms. Neurogenic plasma extravasation and c-fos expression in the spinal cord, after chemical irritation of the rat prostate, was identified as a method to investigate the neurogenic aspect of prostatic inflammation. ⋯ Our results strongly suggest that referred pain status in inflammation of the bladder and prostate is neurogenically mediated. Based on these studies, there should be significant overlaps of nociceptive neurons within the spinal cord, which receive nociceptive inputs from pelvic soma and viscera.
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The Journal of urology · Oct 2000
Biography Historical ArticleMax Brödel (1870-1941) and medical illustration in urology.
Max Brödel (1870-1941) is known as one of the major medical illustrators of the turn of the last century. Some important aspects of his biography and his influence on illustration in the specialty of urology are discussed. ⋯ Brödel changed the appearance of medical illustration at the beginning of the 20th century and improved its role in medical literature. Max Brödel should be referred to as the man who put art into medicine.
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The Journal of urology · Sep 2000
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyNoninvasive outcome measures of urinary incontinence and lower urinary tract symptoms: a multicenter study of micturition diary and pad tests.
We assessed the test-retest reliability of a 24, 48 and 72-hour micturition diary and pad test in patients referred for the evaluation of urinary incontinence and lower urinary tract symptoms. ⋯ The 24-hour pad test and micturition diary are reliable instruments for assessing the degree of urinary loss and number of incontinent episodes, respectively. Increasing test duration to 48 and 72 hours increases reliability but is associated with decreased patient compliance.