Pediatrics
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Patient- and family-centered care is an innovative approach to the planning, delivery, and evaluation of health care that is grounded in a mutually beneficial partnership among patients, families, and health care professionals. Providing patient- and family-centered care to children in the emergency department setting presents many opportunities and challenges. ⋯ This technical report has been endorsed by the Academic Pediatric Association (formerly the Ambulatory Pediatric Association), the American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, the National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, the Institute for Family-Centered Care, and the American College of Emergency Physicians. This report is also supported by the Emergency Nurses Association.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Randomized trial of endotracheal tube versus laryngeal mask airway in simulated prehospital pediatric arrest.
Proficiency in airway management in children is difficult to acquire and maintain for prehospital providers. The laryngeal mask airway is a relatively new airway device. Its ease of use makes it an attractive potential alternative to endotracheal tubes in pediatrics. The objective of this study was to investigate whether, in simulated cardiopulmonary arrests in children, the use of laryngeal mask airway, compared with endotracheal tubes, results in shorter time to effective ventilation when performed by prehospital providers. ⋯ In simulated pediatric arrests, the use of laryngeal mask airway, compared with endotracheal tubes, led to more rapid establishment of effective ventilation and fewer complications when performed by prehospital providers.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety and tolerability of North American ginseng extract in the treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract infection: a phase II randomized, controlled trial of 2 dosing schedules.
Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common childhood illness. Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng root extract) standardized to contain 80% poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides is purported to be effective in adult upper respiratory tract infection but has not been evaluated yet in a pediatric population. ⋯ Standard doses of ginseng were well tolerated and merit additional evaluation with regard to treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract infection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A video game improves behavioral outcomes in adolescents and young adults with cancer: a randomized trial.
Suboptimal adherence to self-administered medications is a common problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a video-game intervention for improving adherence and other behavioral outcomes for adolescents and young adults with malignancies including acute leukemia, lymphoma, and soft-tissue sarcoma. ⋯ The video-game intervention significantly improved treatment adherence and indicators of cancer-related self-efficacy and knowledge in adolescents and young adults who were undergoing cancer therapy. The findings support current efforts to develop effective video-game interventions for education and training in health care.