Arch Iran Med
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Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is still controversial. This study aimed to analyze the factors related to the patient and tumor characteristics affecting central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC patients and to evaluate the contribution of the results to shaping the surgical treatment algorithm. ⋯ A selective prophylactic CLND strategy can be applied in cN0 patients. As the tumor diameter increases in PTC, both the risk of CLNM and the number of MLN increase. Lymphovascular and extracapsular invasion are other factors that increase the risk. The follicular variant is associated with a lower risk of CLNM. Male patients who are under the age of 45 and have a tumor diameter of 9.5 mm or more are definite candidates for prophylactic CLND.
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Late-onset multiple sclerosis (LOMS) is defined as symptoms initiating at an age above 50. ⋯ LOMS is not a rare condition. Increasing knowledge in the diagnosis, as well as increasing awareness of the disease in the general population, leads to early diagnosis of LOMS and prevention of consequences.
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The Iranian National Blood Pressure Measurement Campaign (INBPMC) was conducted all over the country to raise awareness in different groups of people regarding the importance of blood pressure and persuading them to manage their blood pressure. The present research aimed at assessing the process and output of this campaign. ⋯ The INBPMC was successful and accomplished its objectives.
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In December 2019, a cluster of viral pneumonia cases, later identified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first reported in Wuhan, China, and then continued to spread to other parts of the world. COVID-19 is thought to be more prevalent in adults than children; therefore, information about COVID-19 burden and characteristics in children is lacking. ⋯ A high number of children in North Sumatera were affected by COVID-19, and mortality was found to be higher in children with underlying diseases. Major clusters were found in places with prolonged and repeated activities in close contact, such as boarding schools and a refugee shelter.