Bratisl Med J
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During cancer surgery, the perioperative period is characterized by stress response and immunosuppression that can lead to further worsening of the disease and metastatic spread. Local anesthetics have antiproliferative, cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects on cancer cells in vitro. There is scientific evidence that local anesthetics possess anti-inflammatory effects, help to preserve normal immune function and reduce the possibility of metastatic spread. ⋯ The use of local anesthetics during the perioperative period in oncological patients may have a beneficial effect on their survival and cancer recurrence. This article summarizes the effects of local anesthetics in vitro (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 36). Keywords: local anesthetics, cancer cells.
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Observational Study
Evaluation of the inflammatory parameters for predicting stent thrombosis.
Recent research demonstrated that classic inflammatory mediators were responsible for the development of stent thrombosis. We aimed to examine the relationship between predictors such as basophils, mean platelet volume (MPV), and vitamin D, which represented allergic, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory states, and stent thrombosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. ⋯ Increased MPV and basophil depletion might be predictors for coronary stent thrombosis following percutaneous coronary intervention (Tab. 4, Fig. 2, Ref. 25). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: MPV; basophil; vitamin D; stent thrombosis.
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One of the important issues in urban areas is air pollution which causes respiratory disorders. A significant association between exposure to inhaled particulate matter (PM), mainly ultrafine particles, and increased neurological and pulmonary morbidity and mortality was observed in some research. This study aimed to demonstrate the relation between multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) inhalation and the carcinogenic effect of these materials in the brain and lungs. ⋯ The results showed that exposure to impure and pure MWCNTs (10 and 100 nm) at a concentration of 5 mg/m3 causes up-regulation or down-regulation of some of these genes. The results suggest that impure and pure MWCNTs (10 and 100 nm) can increase the risk of central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and increase the risk of carcinogenesis in the lung tissues of rats exposed to MWCNTs (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 64). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: multi-wall carbon nanotube, inhalation, gene expression, carcinogenicity, brain, lung.
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Multiple sclerosis is the most common demyelinating disease that develops in genetically predisposed individuals through various immunopathological mechanisms induced by environmental factors, especially viral infections. Th1, Th17, γδ T cells, activated macrophages, MAIT cells, and proinflammatory cytokines, particularly IFN-γ, TNF, IL-17, and GM-CSF, are the principal pathological players whose activities cause damage to the white matter. Furthermore, a recently identified subset of CD4+ T cells has been found to migrate directly to the brain cortex and cause damage to neurons. ⋯ EBV is a highly B cell-tropic human herpesvirus that placed B cells at the centre of our attention. As a result, we must down-regulate their numbers using anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies to treat such patients (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 37). Keywords: multiple sclerosis, GlialCAM, HLA-DR15, T-, B-, MAIT-cells, EBV, monoclonal antibodies.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP)-activating drugs, choline and citicoline (Cytidinediphosphate-choline, CDP-choline), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) parameters and the contribution of NADPH Oxidase4 (NOX4) p22phox. ⋯ Decreased ROS production in kidney tissues in treatment groups suggests that choline or CDP-choline may have therapeutic potential in endotoxemia-associated AKI via downregulating NOX4 and p22phox expressions (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 45). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: endotoxemia, choline, cytidine diphosphate choline, acute kidney injury, reactive oxygen species.