J Formos Med Assoc
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This study aims to investigate the prevalence of isolated core antibodies against hepatitis B (IAHBc) in different birth cohorts using a large medical record database. ⋯ The management of individuals with IAHBc should be tailored to their age, vaccination status, and risk factors for occult hepatitis B viral infection.
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Real-time surveillance of COVID-19 in large-scale community outbreaks presents challenges. Simple counts of the daily confirmed cases can be misleading due to constraints from bottlenecks in access to care or laboratory testing. This study aimed to investigate the role of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) in addressing these challenges for real-time COVID-19 surveillance. ⋯ The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 Ag-RDT tests at community testing stations serves as a good surrogate for assessing virus activity within the community and a useful tool for real-time COVID-19 surveillance. It is a robust indicator of the outbreak trend and near-term numbers of cases. This finding may facilitate the management of subsequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized, placebo-controlled study of givosiran in patients with acute hepatic porphyrias (ENVISION): Final (36-month) analysis of the Taiwan Cohort.
Acute hepatic porphyrias (AHP) are rare genetic disorders associated with acute neurovisceral attacks and chronic symptoms. This analysis was conducted to examine the long-term efficacy and safety of givosiran in Taiwanese participants in the ENVISION study (NCT03338816). ⋯ Long-term efficacy and safety results in the Taiwan cohort are consistent with those in the global cohort.
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In neonates, the gastrointestinal tract is rapidly colonized by bacteria after birth. Gut microbiota development is critical during the first few years of life. ⋯ Pathogenic bacteria can colonize the gut prior to sepsis and cause sepsis through translocation. This review explores gut microbiota development in neonates, the evidence linking gut dysbiosis to neonatal sepsis, and the potential role of probiotics in gut microbiota modulation and sepsis prevention.