Pak J Med Sci
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The study aimed to assess the safety profile of Direct Acting Anti-Viral's (DAAs) among patients with chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). ⋯ It is concluded from the study results that DAAs have displayed promising outcomes due to the minimal and minor AEs reported.
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Due to their chemical properties, accidental or suicidal ingestion of batteries into the digestive system can cause fatal complications; Treatment should not be delayed and close monitoring is required. A 26-year-old male patient is treated by the psychiatry department with diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder and depressive adjustment disorder. He consulted with the complaint of ingesting cylindrical AA battery for suicidal purpose. ⋯ However, the continuous movement of the cylindrical AA battery with lactulose treatment in the gastrointestinal tract and the support of this movement with abdominal radiographs can reduce the risk of fatal complications. When planning the battery treatment in the gastrointestinal tract, the location of the battery and whether it is mobile should be determined. While obstruction of oesophagus by batteries requires emergency surgical treatment, batteries that remained fixed in the stomach for longer than 48 hours need to be treated with surgical or endoscopic methods.
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MCQ's and SEQ's are the most widely used assessment tool in dental colleges across Pakistan. This study explores the impact of assessment tool: MCQ's and SEQ's on learning approach of dental students and also identifies correlation between these assessment tools and deep & surface learning approaches in integrated and discipline based curriculum. ⋯ Assessment tool has an impact on learning approaches used by the students. It was concluded that students used to prefer deep learning approach while preparing for SEQ's as they were designed at higher cognitive level, whereas, they preferred surface approach while preparing for MCQ's as they were developed at low cognitive order.
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To determine the level of satisfaction as hemodialysis a long term treatment and quality of life in patients off End Stage Kidney Disease ESKD on hemodialysis. ⋯ Most patients were satisfied with their decision of opting hemodialysis as treatment and care provided at dialysis centre, although Quality of Life was badly affected in terms of financial and psycho-social aspects. Employed, married with good income have good quality of life. Loopholes of unit environment and health education were also exposed. Despite the medical advancement and emerging techniques to make dialysis better, the outcome of hemodialysis has yet to reach a safe level and more work should be done to improve patient's outcome.
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To investigate the biomechanical effects of osteoporosis on adjacent segments after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). ⋯ Osteoporosis can decrease IDP, shear stress on annulus fibrosus, and ROM at adjacent levels, and slow down the development of ASD after PLIF.