Pediatric clinics of North America
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Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Oct 1996
ReviewPediatric knee. Clinical assessment and common disorders.
Knee pain and injury are commonly seen in children and adolescents. A comprehensive evaluation of the knee is built on an appreciation of the anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology of common disorders. This article considers these issues and describes a sequential technique for physical examination of the knee. Relevant imaging options and management strategies also are discussed.
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Pediatric fractures are seen commonly in emergency departments. Pediatricians are usually the first physicians to assess injured children. ⋯ Musculoskeletal injuries, fractures, and sprains are common, most of which require minimal care. Growth plate injuries, however, pose a risk for permanent deformity and must be managed with care.
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Fractures are one of the most common manifestations of child abuse. Pediatricians and other physicians caring for children must have a clear understanding of the injury patterns sustained by children in abusive situations and be able to recognize those injuries. A thorough history and physical examination and accurate radiographic interpretation are essential. Early identification of nonaccidental trauma is imperative because proper intervention has been shown to be effective.