Pediatric clinics of North America
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The prognosis for the child with cancer has improved dramatically over the past decades. With this success comes the need for recognition and proper treatment of emergencies. Respiratory or circulatory failure may arise from compression of the SVC or airway. ⋯ Life-threatening metabolic abnormalities are observed at presentation in children with leukemia and lymphoma. Hypercalcemia, although rare, may be a difficult situation to correct. Immediate attention to these emergencies and appropriate treatment may save the life of a child with cancer or make his or her subsequent course just a little smoother.
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Over the last several decades, significant advances have been made in our ability to understand and treat osteosarcoma. In this article we describe the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of patients with this disease. ⋯ We review the major clinical trials that have led to our current level of understanding. The current studies for the treatment of osteosarcoma are described.