Revista española de anestesiología y reanimación
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · May 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Cardiovascular response to orotracheal intubation using midazolam or etomidate in anesthesia induction].
By means of the present study, we compare the variations in the cardiovascular response to the orotracheal intubation while using midazolam or etomidate during the anesthetic induction. For this purpose, we studied 2 groups of 10 patients each one which were premedicated with fentanyl and atropine, and succinylcholine as muscle relaxant. We took the data at a basal state, 10 minutes after premedication and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 minutes after the intubation handling. ⋯ In both groups, the peak response occurred two minutes after intubation in all the studied parameters. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as PRP were significantly lower with midazolam. We conclude that midazolam and etomidate do not prevent the cardiovascular response to the intubation handling, although midazolam smooths pressure response.
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Mar 1991
Letter Historical Article[Ether anesthesia by the rectal route].
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Mar 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Comparative study of peridural anesthesia with bupivacaine alone and combined with fentanyl during vaginal delivery].
Two groups of primiparous women with single fetus in cephalic presentation were prospectively randomized at the end of pregnancy to receive epidural analgesia with 0.25% bupivacaine, either single (n = 102) or associated with 0.05 mg of phentanyl (n = 102). Phentanyl significantly reduces the period of development of analgesia and increases the interdose period. ⋯ The evolution of delivery (dilatation and expulsion) and the perinatal results (cord pH and vitality of the newborn as assessed by the Apgar test) were similar in both groups. We conclude that the association of phentanyl with bupivacaine has advantages for epidural analgesia during delivery, as the quality of analgesia is improved, its duration is prolonged and there are no adverse effects on the evolution of delivery or on the newborn.
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Mar 1991
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Addition of fentanyl to mepivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block. Effects on the anesthetic and postoperative analgesic quality].
The possible potentiating effect of phentanyl on mepivacaine in brachial plexus blockade was evaluated, both for operative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Sixty ASA I patients, scheduled for upper limb surgery, were selected and distributed in 3 groups: 1) Mepivacaine 1% 40 ml (control group); 2) Mepivacaine 1% 40 ml + phentanyl 100 micrograms; 3) Mepivacaine 1% 40 ml + subcutaneous phentanyl 100 micrograms. The latency time and the quality of anesthesia were evaluated. ⋯ There were no significant differences between the 3 groups in the latency times of the development of blockade nor in the quality of surgical anesthesia. Also, there were no significant differences in the duration of postoperative analgesia (307, 316 and 326 minutes, respectively, in each group). It was concluded that the addition of phentanyl 100 micrograms to the local anesthetic in the axillary blockade of the brachial plexus does not change the anesthetic characteristics nor the time of postoperative analgesia.
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Mar 1991
[Epidural perfusion with fentanyl in the treatment of postoperative pain].
In 40 patients with high abdominal surgery the analgesia achieved with continuous epidural phentanyl infusion was evaluated. Treatment was started when the patients had pain, with the injection of 150 micrograms of phentanyl in 18 ml of saline and going on with the infusion. The patients were divided in 4 groups. ⋯ In the statistical analysis the only significant difference was an increase in pCO2 after 24 h in the patients who received the highest doses. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was 10%, with 13.04% of urinary retention Clinical respiratory depression was not observed. We think that administration of 150 micrograms of epidural phentanyl followed by a continuous epidural infusion of the drug (0.5 microgram/kg/hour in 5 ml of saline) is an adequate technique of postoperative analgesia.