Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet
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Observational Study
Central venous catheterization related complications in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health.
Central venous catheterization (CVC) is an indispensable route of venous access in management of critically ill patients. Potential CVC related complications include mechanical and infectious complications. ⋯ CVC related complications are comparable to previous studies. Risk factors of mechanical complications include high BMI, internal jugular venous catheterization and longer insertion time. Femoral venous catheterization is the only risk factor for CRBSI.
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To determine the incidence and risk factors of postoperative apnea in premature infants who received general anesthesia for cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. ⋯ The incidence of apnea after general anesthesia in infants with ROP treated with cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation was 24%. The risk factors of postoperative apnea were post-conceptual age less than 35 weeks and prior history of apnea. Patients with risk factors should be closely monitored.
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Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in children. Atrio-ventricular septal defect (AVSD) is the most common congenital heart disease (CHD) reported in DS. The mortality rate of DS with congenital heart disease (CHD) is 5-7 times higher than normal population. The survival rate in DS has improved with time and has reported up to 91% and 85% at one and ten years of age, respectively. ⋯ According to this study, the prevalence rate of CHD in DS was high. VSD was the most common lesion and has better prognosis than AVSD. The main cause of death was a cardiac problem. Follow-up patients by using modified AAP guideline and standard treatment can improve their overall survival.
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Deaths attributed to birth defects are a major cause of infant and under-five mortality as well as lifetime disabilities among those who survive. In Thailand, birth defects contribute to 21% of neonatal deaths. There is currently no systematic registry for congenital anomalies in Thailand. Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health has initiated a Thailand Birth Defects Registry to capture birth defects among newborn infants. ⋯ The present study established the Birth Defects Registry by collecting data from four databases in Thailand. Information obtained from this registry and surveillance is essential in the planning for effective intervention programs for birth defects. The authors suggest that this program should be integrated in the existing public health system to ensure sustainability.
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Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) can be classified into 7 types according to the enzyme defects. Several countries use enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) as treatment for types 1, 2 and 6. ERT is very expensive:--therefore, to determine if this treatment could be made available in Thailand, it is important to know the numbers of the patients with MPS. ⋯ MPS2 is the most common type of MPS in this study, followed by type 6 and 1. The difference in growth parameters seen in MPS2 suggest that it may be a factor in the development of MPS2.