Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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To develop effective and safe measures of postoperative multimodal analgesia (optimizing the use of narcotic analgesics) in surgical treatment of hematological patients with thrombocytopenia. ⋯ Nefopam and paracetamol may be used in patients with thrombocytopenia, as do not affect the hemostasis and platelet count. Application of postoperative analgesia scheme paracetamol + trimeperidin in patients receiving corticosteroids provides the maximum reduction of pain with the least consumption of narcotic analgesics.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Sep 2014
[Ultrasound guided catheterization of thoracic paravertebral space].
Prolonged thoracic paravertebral block is a complex technique of regional anesthesia. For a long time paravertebral blocks were conducted under stimulation. ⋯ Successful and safe block under ultrasound guidance requires: identification and visualization of paravertebral space; operator's skill in needle visualization in real time; experience in estimating the distribution of local anesthetic in PVS. Sonographic navigation makes PVS much easier to find and optimizes introduction of a local anesthetic thus providing adequate long-term pain relief without complications.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Sep 2014
[Effect of anesthesia in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after surgical interventions in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children].
The article deals with results of studying of anesthesia effects on the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting during surgical interventions in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children. We investigated the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 100 patients aged 2 to 17 years (ASA I-II), who underwent surgery in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. ⋯ Analysis of the results showed that the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting after anaesthesia without fentanyl by 14% lower than with fentanyl. The nausea and vomiting started within the first hour after surgery in majority number of cases (50-77.7%).
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial[Extracorporeal methods of hematological correction in patients with acute liver insufficiency after cardiac surgery].
Acute liver failure (ALF) usually develops in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and carries a high mortality risk in patients after cardiac surgery. Artificial liver support devices aim to remove albumin-bound and water-soluble toxins arising as a result of liver failure. The currently most used devices combine haemodialysis with albumin dialysis (MARS) or plasma separation and adsorption (Prometheus). The aim of this study was to assess safety and efficacy of use MARS or Prometheus in elderly patients with ALF have been operated for heart diseases. ⋯ MARS and Prometheus are found to be safe and effective in patients with ALF after cardiac surgery. Further studies are needed to assess whether therapy might be beneficial in specific sublets of patients.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Sep 2014
[Reversion of sedation and general anaesthesia--agonist-antagonist technique].
To study an expediency and efficacy of application of different reverses drugs (naloxone, flumazenil, neostigmine, galantamine, sugammadex) either their separate or combined using. ⋯ A reversion of neuromuscular block without using of antagonists' combination does not provide complete recovery of psychomotor and cognitive functions for rapid socialization of patients after anaesthesia.