The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of obstructive sleep apnoea and its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure on the prevalence of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ISAACC study): a randomised controlled trial.
Despite the improvement in the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), substantial morbidity and mortality remain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the clinical evolution of patients with ACS. ⋯ ResMed (Australia), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), the Spanish Respiratory Society, the Catalonian Cardiology Society, Esteve-Teijin, Oxigen Salud, and ALLER.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of early parenteral nutrition during paediatric critical illness on DNA methylation as a potential mediator of impaired neurocognitive development: a pre-planned secondary analysis of the PEPaNIC international randomised controlled trial.
Early use of parenteral nutrition in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) negatively affects development of executive functions, externalising behaviour, and visual-motor integration 2 years later, compared with omitting parenteral nutrition until PICU day 8 (late parenteral nutrition). The molecular basis of this finding is uncertain. We aimed to test the hypothesis that DNA methylation changes occur during critical illness and that early parenteral nutrition (or a specific macronutrient component hereof) contributes to these changes, which could explain its negative effects on neurocognitive development. ⋯ European Research Council, Methusalem, Flanders Institute for Science and Technology, Research Foundation Flanders, Sophia Foundation, Stichting Agis Zorginnovatie, Erasmus Trustfonds, and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
There is no proven specific pharmacological treatment for patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The efficacy of corticosteroids in ARDS remains controversial. We aimed to assess the effects of dexamethasone in ARDS, which might change pulmonary and systemic inflammation and result in a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality. ⋯ Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, The European Regional Development's Funds, Asociación Científica Pulmón y Ventilación Mecánica.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pirfenidone in patients with unclassifiable progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
At present, no approved pharmacotherapies are available for unclassifiable interstitial lung disease (ILD), which is characterised by progressive fibrosis of the lung. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone in patients with progressive fibrosing unclassifiable ILD. ⋯ F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Diagnostic accuracy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for interstitial lung disease diagnosis (COLDICE): a prospective, comparative study.
Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is a novel technique for sampling lung tissue for interstitial lung disease diagnosis. The aim of this study was to establish the diagnostic accuracy of TBLC compared with surgical lung biopsy (SLB), in the context of increasing use of TBLC in clinical practice as a less invasive biopsy technique. ⋯ University of Sydney, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Erbe Elektromedizin, Medtronic, Cook Medical, Rymed, Karl-Storz, Zeiss, and Olympus.