Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2014
Peri-operative dexamethasone therapy and post-operative psychosis in patients undergoing major oral and maxillofacial surgery.
A broad array of behavioral symptoms, including psychosis, can transpire post-operatively following a variety of surgeries. It is difficult to diagnose the exact cause of post-operative psychosis. We report three cases, which developed psychosis post-operatively after undergoing major oral and maxillofacial surgeries. ⋯ Dexamethasone is used to prevent or reduce post-operative edema. The exact dose of dexamethasone, which can cause psychosis, is unknown. It is important to raise awareness about this potential complication so that measures for management can be put in place in anticipation of such an event.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2013
Intrathecal ketorolac enhances intrathecal morphine analgesia following total knee arthroplasty.
Total knee arthroplasty represents one of the most painful surgeries. The aim of the study was to compare analgesia and adverse effects of intrathecal (IT) ketorolac versus IT morphine, versus the combination of IT ketorolac and morphine. ⋯ The data suggest a role for spinal ketorolac and morphine in orthopaedic surgery because this combination of agents provided 15 h of analgesia compared to 7 h after each drug alone, with no significant side-effects.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2013
Bilateral transversus abdominis plane block as a sole anesthetic technique in emergency surgery for perforative peritonitis in a high risk patient.
Although transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an effective way of providing analgesia in post-operative abdominal surgery patients; however, it can be considered as an anesthetic technique in high-risk cases for surgery. We report a case of a geriatric female with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the respiratory failure, hypotension, posted in an emergency with old perforation leading to peritonitis. The surgery was successfully conducted under bilateral TAP block, which was used as a sole anesthetic technique. TAP block can be considered as an anesthetic technique for abdominal surgery in moribund patients.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2013
Intrathecal sufentanil or fentanyl as adjuvants to low dose bupivacaine in endoscopic urological procedures.
Opioids are being increasingly used these days as adjuvants to local anesthetics in spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Spinal anesthesia for endoscopic urological procedures in elderly patients using low dose bupivacaine (5 mg) combined with 10 μg sufentanil is associated with a lower incidence of hemodynamic instability, better quality and prolonged duration as compared to that by adding 25 μg fentanyl.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2013
Comparison of paravertebral and interpleural block in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.
Paravertebral and inter pleural blocks (IPB) reduce post-operative pain and decrease the effect of post-operative pain on lung functions after breast surgery. This study was designed to determine their effect on lung functions and post-operative pain in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. ⋯ To conclude, lung functions are well-preserved in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia supplemented with paravertebral or IPB. IPB is as effective as PVB for post-operative pain relief. PVB has the added advantage of achieving a more complete block.