Postgraduate medicine
-
Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
Prevalence of hospitalized women at high-risk for developing lung cancer.
Lung cancer screening with low-dose computer tomography (CT) has been shown to reduce the lung cancer mortality in high-risk individuals by 20%. Despite the proven mortality benefit, the utilization of lung cancer screening among high-risk populations remains low. ⋯ The study's findings suggest that almost half of the hospitalized women who report current or past smoking are at high-risk for developing lung cancer.
-
Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
ReviewEarly diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes in France: multidisciplinary expert opinion, prevention value and practical recommendations.
Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), accounting for approximately 50% of patients starting dialysis. However, the management of these patients at the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains poor, with fragmented care pathways among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Diagnosis of CKD and most of its complications is based on laboratory evidence. ⋯ Pre-analytical conditions are essential to exclude factitious hyperkalemia. The current concept is to correct hyperkalemia using pharmacological approaches, resins or diuretics to be able to maintain RAAS blockers at the recommended dose and discontinue them at last resort. This paper also suggests expert recommendations to optimize the healthcare pathway and the roles and interactions of the HCPs involved in managing CKD in patients with diabetes.
-
Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
Predictors of stroke-associated pneumonia and the predictive value of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio.
Early recognition of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with SAP. This study investigated the predictors of SAP, and the predictive value of the neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) for SAP. ⋯ Male gender, dysphagia and hemiparesis were the strongest predictors of SAP, and NPAR has an excellent performance in predicting SAP which was better than high NLR and MLR.
-
Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
The effects of inspiratory muscle training on balance and functional mobility: a systematic review.
Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been widely used in both healthy and diseased populations especially in older adults, and its effects have been proven not only on inspiratory muscle strength but also on dyspnea, exercise capacity, quality of life, and other health parameters. ⋯ The review provided evidence of improvement in balance and functional mobility following inspiratory muscle training in both healthy and diseased adults. Future studies should be conducted to determine the optimal protocol and dosage of treatment.
-
Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
Acute COVID-19 in unvaccinated children without a history of previous infection during the delta and omicron periods.
The Omicron variant has been the predominant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant circulating in Korea since January 2022. This study evaluated and compared the clinical characteristics of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between the Delta and Omicron periods. ⋯ The incidence of fever and seizures was higher during the Omicron period in pediatric patients without a history of vaccination or previous COVID-19. However, the clinical severity was similar during both periods.