Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja
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Posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint is a rare injury. It can be associated with life-threatening complications. Computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice with which possible associated injuries can be detected. ⋯ A fracture-dislocation is inherently more unstable than an isolated dislocation. Surgical treatment is advocated in cases of delayed diagnosis or failed closed reduction. With early diagnosis and treatment, the long-term outcome of this injury is good.
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Short lingual frenulum is a common structural abnormality with unknown mechanisms of origination. The frequency of occurrence among newborn infants can be as high as 4%. Short lingual frenulum may cause problems, if it restricts the movements of the tongue. Therapeutic indications for short lingual frenulum in newborn infants are mainly breastfeeding problems, whereas in children of preschool age and older the indication is defective pronunciation.
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The health-promoting effects of physical exercise are scientifically proven, but the health risks of sitting still remain rather poorly known. Technological development of the society will by no means cut down sitting. Should too much sitting be considered as one of the independent factors increasing the risk of metabolic diseases and its reduction as a health-promoting measure? Innovative solutions made possible by the new technology to cut down on sitting and to increase physical activity may prove to be important future tools for promoting health.
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Spinal claudication refers to symptoms caused by nerve compression in the spinal canal brought on during strain. The symptoms are felt as lower limb pain, numbness or fatigue, but back pain that becomes worse under stress is also common. ⋯ While the diagnosis is often clear, MRI imaging is worth conducting if the symptoms are atypical or cause a clear-cut disability or functional limitation. Most patients are treated conservatively.
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With the development and increasing use of imaging techniques, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is being detected with increasing frequency. Two forms of the disease are distinguished, the rare main duct form and the common accessory pancreatic duct form. ⋯ In main duct IPMN, mucin production obstructs the pancreatic duct causing its dilatation and often symptoms typical of chronic pancreatitis. Main duct IPMN is always an indication for surgery, whereas monitoring is often sufficient for side duct IPMN.