Pneumonologia i alergologia polska
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Traumas are the third most common cause of death worldwide, after cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, and the main cause of death of patients under 40 years of age. Contemporary image diagnosis of chest trauma uses chest X-ray (CXR), multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), transthoracic and transoesophageal ultrasound (USG), X-ray angiography and magnetic resonance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate MDCT results in the examination of posttraumatic chest injuries and to compare the results of CXR and MDCT in chosen chest traumatic injuries. ⋯ MDCT was a valuable diagnostic method in recognition of chest trauma, characterized by high sensitivity and specificity in the assessment of life-threatening injures and for depicting tracheal and bronchial injuries. The diagnostic value of CXR was low. The compatibility of MCTD and intraoperative assessment was confirmed, with the exception of diaphragm injures and lung laceration. Change of treatment modality was certified after MDCT in 83% of patients.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2013
Case ReportsLipoid pneumonia--a case of refractory pneumonia in a child treated with ketogenic diet.
Lipoid pneumonia (LP) is a chronic inflammation of the lung parenchyma with interstitial involvement due to the accumulation of endogenous or exogenous lipids. Exogenous LP (ELP) is associated with the aspiration or inhalation of oil present in food, oil-based medications or radiographic contrast media. The clinical manifestations of LP range from asymptomatic cases to severe pulmonary involvement, with respiratory failure and death, according to the quantity and duration of the aspiration. ⋯ A high index of suspicion and precise medical history is required in cases of refractory pneumonia and fever unresponsive to conventional therapy. Gastroesophageal reflux and a risk of aspiration may be regarded as relative contraindications to the ketogenic diet. Conservative treatment, based on the use of oral steroids, proved to be an efficient therapeutic approach in this case.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 2013
Case Reports[Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia - a rare case of lymphoproliferative disorder of the lungs].
Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) belongs to a very rare, mild, lymphoproliferative disease of unestablished aetiology historically included in the group of pseudolymphomas. Its existence was controversial for many years, until modern techniques of pathomorphological diagnosis approved it as a separate entity of lung disease. It manifests in the form of well limited nodules localized in the lungs, which are mostly identified accidentally. ⋯ The patient was qualified for right-sided videothoracoscopy and removal of the lung nodule. In classic HE staining of the histological material, the presence of lymphoid infiltration of the lungs was revealed, which formed lymph follicles with reactive germinal centres. In order to differentiate from the malignant lymphatic expansion, immunohistochemical designations were made, which showed positive expression of CD20 antigen in the B cell zone, positive expression of the CD3 antigen in the T cells zone, positive expression of CD23 antigen in the lymph follicles, negative expression of bcl-2 in the lymph follicles, and positive expression of MIB-1 in the germinal centres of lymph follicles. Such a histopathological and immunohistochemical picture provided the basis for diagnosis of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the lung.
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The aspiration of a foreign body is usually combined with acute clinical symptoms requiring immediate medical intervention. Nevertheless, in approximately one third of patients the symptoms of aspiration are less prominent; such a clinical condition is called occult bronchial foreign body (OBFB). The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of OBFB in the pulmonary unit of a district hospital and to evaluate the diagnostic difficulties and treatment modalities in such patients. ⋯ OBFB is a rare condition, but has to be taken into consideration as a cause of chest radiological pathology and in patients with chronic and/or recurrent inflammatory disease of the respiratory system.