Pneumonologia i alergologia polska
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[Pulmonary circulation at rest and during exercise in patients with obstructive sleep apnea before and after one year of treatment with CPAP].
We studied pulmonary haemodynamics in 19 male patients, mean age 45 +/- 5 years, suffering from severe OSA, mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) 68 +/- 17. Pulmonary haemodynamisc were studied using Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter in the supine position at rest, and at the end of the 7th minute of steady-state exercise (40 W). Investigations were repeated after one year of treatment with nasal CPAP. ⋯ After a year of treatment PPA changed to 15.8 +/- 4.0 mmHg (NS), Pw-7.5 +/- 3.1 mmHg (NS), CO-4.9 +/- 1.6 L/min (NS), PVR - 145 +/- 35 d.sec.cm-5 (NS). In two patients with resting hypertension PPA dropped from 33 mmHg to 25 mmHg and 28 mmHg to 18 mmHg respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant change in any of the studied variables after one year of the CPAP therapy.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[Bacterial endotoxins produced by Alcaligenes faecalis and Erwinia herbicola as potential occupational hazards for agricultural workers].
Laboratory animals (guinea pigs and rabbits) were exposed to the inhalation of aerosolized endotoxins derived from the cell mass of Alcaligenes faecalis and Erwinia herbicola, the Gram-negative bacteria commonly occurring in organic dusts. Single 1 hour-lasting exposure caused the significant increase in the number of free lung cell, mostly lymphocytes, compared to the control group exposed to saline (P < 0.001). Prolonged exposure to tested endotoxins (Fifteen 1 hour-lasting exposures every second day) caused both specific and non specific immunological changes: enhanced inhibition of leukocyte migration production of precipitins, and activation of alveolar macrophages, wes assessed by greater antibacterial activity and increased interleukin I (IL-I) production. The results indicate that the endotoxins of examined bacteria represent a potential risk of inflammatory lung reaction and respiratory disease for agricultural workers inhaling organic dusts contaminated with these organisms.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1996
[The influence of organic dust on the chemotaxis of lung cells. Experimental studies].
Mechanisms of chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and neutrophils (PMNs) in response to microbial products derived from organic dust were studied using blindwell chemotaxis chamber technique. Seven different agents (extract and endotoxin of Erwinia herbicola, extracts from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Aspergillus fumigatus, thermophilic protease and two preparations of glucans), were used for experiments. ⋯ The generation and release of this activity by AMs may provide a mechanisms for the initiation and amplification of inflammatory reactions in the lung after inhalation of organic dust. Results of these in vitro studies may be relevant to the pathogenesis of alveolitis in organic dust-induced lung diseases.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1995
Case Reports[Ultrasonographic examination of the heart as a basis for determining the cause of inflammatory infiltration changes in the lungs].
Diagnostic difficulties found in a 41 year old female presenting with fever, chills, fainting spells, tachycardia, hypotension, interstitial consolidation in both lungs and enlargement of the cardiac silhouette on a chest radiogram are discussed. Unsuccessful antibacterial and antituberculous therapy led to a supposition of a collagen disease. The diagnosis of a bacterial endocarditis with bacterial pulmonary emboli was made basing on determination of bacterial vegetation on cusps of the tricuspid valve.
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Pneumonol Alergol Pol · Jan 1995
[Use of inhalation anesthetics in treatment of severe status asthmaticus and for anesthesia in children suffering from bronchial asthma. Preliminary report].
This paper presents preliminary estimation of clinical usefulness of isoflurane for treatment of severe cases of status asthmaticus in children and application of it as monoanesthesia in children with bronchial asthma, operated upon sudden indications. Action and metabolism of halogen ether group inhalatory anaesthetics in human organism was discussed, with special attention being paid to isoflurane and ketamine. In the cases studied (which is also confirmed by numerous clinical tests) potentialization of bronchodilatative effect of isoflurane by intravenous application of ketamine in status asthmaticus was observed. Where the results achieved was linked up with increased concentration of catecholamines and direct atonic effect on smooth muscular coat of bronchus.