Regional anesthesia
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1997
A chronic model for experimental investigation of epidural anesthesia in the rabbit.
A rabbit chronic model has been developed for investigation of epidural anesthesia without surgery. ⋯ This rabbit model appears to be a suitable tool for evaluating motor block of epidural agents under standardized experimental conditions.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1997
The hypothesis that antagonism of fentanyl analgesia by 2-chloroprocaine is mediated by direct action on opioid receptors.
Although 2-chloroprocaine continues to be a useful drug for epidural anesthesia in obstetrics, it has the anomalous action of decreasing the analgesic effectiveness of subsequently administered epidural fentanyl. Some investigators have suggested that 2-chloroprocaine may act at an opioid receptor site to antagonize the effects of fentanyl. The purpose of our studies was to investigate this hypothesis. ⋯ Although 2-chloroprocaine has binding affinity at mu and kappa opioid receptor sites, it does not appear to act through an opioid receptor to antagonize the physiologic effects of fentanyl.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntravenous regional anesthesia with 0.5% articaine, 0.5% lidocaine, or 0.5% prilocaine. A double-blind randomized clinical study.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three local anesthetic agents for intravenous regional anesthesia in the upper limb. Side effects and plasma concentrations of the drugs in the doses administered for IVRA were also studied. ⋯ Articaine had the fastest onset of sensory block and the lowest peak plasma concentration of the three local anesthetics when used for intravenous regional anesthesia.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTransdermal fentanyl in postoperative pain.
The aim of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of a transdermal fentanyl delivery system for the relief of pain following abdominal surgery. ⋯ Similar postoperative analgesia was achieved with less parenteral analgesics in patients who received transdermal fentanyl preoperatively than in control patients. Fentanyl, 50-75 micrograms/h, administered in a transdermal delivery system, did not depress respiratory rate or hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Although the exact role of continuously administered opioids in managing acute postoperative pain has yet to be clearly defined, it is concluded that if properly used, this new transdermal device can be effective in providing a background of analgesia, which may assist in the management of acute postoperative pain as well as some chronic pain states.