Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských
-
Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2015
[Health effects of ambient ultrafine particles--the project UFIREG].
The project "Ultrafine particles--an evidence based contribution to the development of regional and European environmental and health policy" (UFIREG) started in July 2011 and ended in December 2014. It was implemented through the Central Europe Programme and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund. Five cities in four Central European countries participated in the study: Augsburg (Germany), Chernivtsi (Ukraine), Dresden (Germany), Ljubljana (Slovenia) and Prague (Czech Republic). The aim of the UFIREG project was to improve the knowledge base on possible health effects of ambient ultrafine particles (UFP) and to raise overall awareness of environmental and health care authorities and the population. ⋯ Further multi-centre studies such as UFIREG are needed preferably investigating several years in order to produce powerful results.
-
The review article covers specific methods of artificial nutrition in current advances in intensive care. This area of care is somewhat specific, and indications for pharmaconutrients are different from classical artificial nutrition. The pharmaconutrients of amino acid and polyenoic fatty acid groups are described. The components of nutritional pharmacology, based on exceedingly high doses of pure nutritional substrates, are a useful and safe means of modifying selected mechanisms, such as fluidocoagulation, inflammatory reactions or vasomotorics.
-
Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2015
Review[Ultrasound elastography and its use in the head and neck imaging].
Ultrasound elastography (sonoelastography, USE) is a relatively new, rapidly evolving area of imaging that measures elasticity of tissues. Its development started in the last decade of the 20th century and was accelerated after devices allowing real-time imaging and quantification (shear wave elastography, SWE) became broadly available for clinical practise. ⋯ In head and neck imaging, just a few mostly pilot studies have been published till January 2014. This article summarizes available information about sonoelastography and current view on USE imaging in otorhinolaryngology.
-
Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2014
[Evaluation of accuracy of body mass index in diagnosing of obesity in relation to body fat percentage in female aged 55-84 years].
Currently, body mass index (BMI) is frequently used for evaluation of obesity prevalence. This weight to height index does not reflect variability and changes in body composition components, and therefore, the BMI prevalence data may significantly differ from those based on the body fat percentage (%BFM). For the above reason, the primary aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity according to %BFM and relate these data to BMI categories in women aged 55-84 years. ⋯ The results have shown that obesity may be diagnosed in women with lower BMI (i.e., < 30 kg/m2). For this reason we recommend to evaluate the prevalence of obesity primarily from BFM% in this age group.
-
Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2014
[Overweight, obesity and underweight prevalence in 7-year-old children in the Czech Republic since 1951].
Childhood overweight prevalence increases worldwide. The aim of the study was to clarify the change in underweight, overweight and obesity in seven year old Czech children since 1951. ⋯ These results suggest stabilisation of obesity and overweight prevalence in the Czech Republic in 7 years old children during the last 10 years. Underweight prevalence has remained low.