Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Oct 2008
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyInfluenza vaccine effectiveness among children 6 to 59 months of age during 2 influenza seasons: a case-cohort study.
To measure vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing influenza-related health care visits among children aged 6 to 59 months during 2 consecutive influenza seasons. ⋯ In 2 seasons with suboptimal antigenic match between vaccines and circulating strains, we could not demonstrate VE in preventing influenza-related inpatient/ED or outpatient visits in children younger than 5 years. Further study is needed during years with good vaccine match.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Oct 2008
Medical error disclosure among pediatricians: choosing carefully what we might say to parents.
To determine whether and how pediatricians would disclose serious medical errors to parents. ⋯ This study found marked variation in how pediatricians would disclose a serious medical error and revealed that they may be more willing to do so when the error is more apparent to the family. Further research on the impact of professional guidelines and innovative educational interventions is warranted to help improve the quality of error disclosure communication in pediatric settings.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Oct 2008
No change in weight-based teasing when school-based obesity policies are implemented.
To examine rates of weight-based teasing before initiation of school-based childhood obesity prevention policies (Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003) and during the 2 years following policy implementation, as well as demographic factors related to weight-based teasing. ⋯ Although the effectiveness of school-based obesity prevention policies remains unclear, policy changes did not lead to increased weight-based teasing among children and adolescents.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Oct 2008
Comparative StudyStaff-only pediatric hospitalist care of patients with medically complex subspecialty conditions in a major teaching hospital.
To assess cost and length of stay for subspecialty patients on a staff-only general pediatric hospitalist service vs traditional faculty/housestaff subspecialty services in a major teaching hospital. ⋯ Compared with the subspecialist faculty/housestaff system, the staff-only pediatric hospitalist system was associated with a marked reduction in cost and length of stay for patients with medically complex subspecialty diseases. In this era of resident duty-hour restrictions and medical complexity of conditions in inpatients, staff-only hospitalist programs may have a vital role in pediatric teaching hospitals.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Oct 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialCost-effectiveness analysis of anesthetic agents during peripheral intravenous cannulation in the pediatric emergency department.
To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of anesthetic agents to reduce the pain of peripheral intravenous cannulation in an emergency department (ED) setting. ⋯ Currently, the needle-free jet injection of lidocaine device and injection of buffered lidocaine appear to provide the most cost-effective alternatives to pediatric ED physicians.