Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · May 2008
ReviewIdentifying, treating, and referring traumatized children: the role of pediatric providers.
To describe practical ways for pediatric providers to screen children for exposure to potentially traumatic events and trauma symptoms, provide brief office-based pediatric interventions for trauma-exposed children, engage families in mental health care referrals, and recognize elements of evidence-based practices for traumatized children. ⋯ Pediatric providers can identify and provide office-based interventions for traumatized children as well as play a critical role in referring children for optimal mental health treatments.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · May 2008
A clinical decision rule for cranial computed tomography in minor pediatric head trauma.
To develop a sensitive clinical decision rule with a high negative predictive value for the use of cranial computed tomography (CT) in minor pediatric head trauma, to identify clinical features predictive of neurosurgical intervention, and to assess clinicians' predictive abilities to determine the presence or absence of intracranial injury based on history and physical examination alone. ⋯ We developed a sensitive clinical decision rule with a high NPV for detection of intracranial injury in minor pediatric head trauma. If validated, this rule could provide a useful adjunct to the physician's clinical assessment by reducing variations in practice and unnecessary cranial CT.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Apr 2008
Multicenter StudySleep problems in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: prevalence and the effect on the child and family.
To determine the prevalence of sleep problems in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their associations with child quality of life (QOL), daily functioning, and school attendance; caregiver mental health and work attendance; and family functioning. ⋯ Sleep problems in children with ADHD are common and associated with poorer child, caregiver, and family outcomes. Future research needs to determine whether management of sleep problems can reduce adverse outcomes.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Apr 2008
Agreement rates between actigraphy, diary, and questionnaire for children's sleep patterns.
To describe sleep-wake patterns in kindergarten children by measures derived from questionnaire, diary, and actigraphy and to report rates of agreement between methods according to Bland and Altman. ⋯ Actigraphy and diary may be interchangeably used for the assessment of sleep start, sleep end, and assumed sleep but not for nocturnal wake times. The diary is a cost-effective and valid source of information about children's sleep-schedule times, while actigraphy may provide additional information about nocturnal wake times or may be used if parents are unable to report in detail. It is insufficient to collect information by a questionnaire or an interview asking about children's normal sleep patterns.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med · Apr 2008
Clinical TrialEffect of weight, sleep duration, and comorbid sleep disorders on behavioral outcomes in children with sleep-disordered breathing.
To assess the relative contribution of potential risk factors for adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in children referred for evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including weight, mean sleep duration, and comorbid sleep disorders. ⋯ The relationship between SDB and parent-reported behavioral outcomes in children is complex. In addition to SDB-related impairments, clinicians should consider the relative contributions of being overweight, insufficient sleep, and comorbid sleep disorders when assessing behavior in these children.