Anales españoles de pediatría
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This work is basically a clinical, radiological and anatomopathological study of two new cases of biaxial, thoracopagus, omphalopagus, conjoined monozygotic twins. Necropsy shows a single heart, diaphragm, liver and umbilical cord in both cases. Ethiopathogenical theories are analyzed, and a simplified classification is established according to the type of union and shared area.
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During a three-year period, central venous catheterization was performed in 83 children by percutaneous approach through internal jugular or and subclavian veins. Internal jugular vein was catheterized in 62 children, 40 of them were under one year old and 16 were within one to five years. ⋯ A pneumothorax and a perforation of the subclavian vein were the complications of this last group. Indications, technics and complications of central venous catheterization--either internal jugular or subclavian--are described emphasizing the advantages that they offer as compared to traditional venisection.
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Comparative Study
[Ventriculo-atrial vs. cerebral-peritoneal shunts in the treatment of hydrocephalus (author's transl)].
Results and complications during the first two years after shunting are compared in two groups of 100 consecutively operated hydrocephalus children having either ventriculo-peritoneal or ventriculo-atrial shunt. One of the major reasons for revision of both types of shunts was obstruction at the ventricular end. ⋯ Atrial shunts required 21 revisions because of problems with cardiac end and peritoneal shunts required 17 revisions because of problems with peritoneal end. 25 patients with atrial shunt and 12 with peritoneal shunts died to shunt-related complications during first two years of placement. After this comparative study author feels that peritoneal shunt should be first choice in most forms of hydrocephalus in children due to its lower incidence of revision, serious infection and morbidity.