Mayo Clinic proceedings
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Mar 2021
ReviewCommunity-Engaged Approaches for Minority Recruitment Into Clinical Research: A Scoping Review of the Literature.
Underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minority populations in clinical research persists in the United States, highlighting the unmet ideals of generalizability and equity of research findings and products. Previous systematic reviews exploring various facets of this phenomenon concluded that community engagement with minority groups may effectively promote recruitment and retention, but the ways in which community-engaged approaches have been used for recruitment have not been examined. We performed a scoping review of the literature to identify studies of community-engaged recruitment processes. ⋯ These articles demonstrated a relatively large literature base of descriptive studies conveying details of community engagement approaches to enhance recruitment of minority research participants. We summarize key aspects of current practices across the spectrum of community engagement. A gap in the literature is the relative lack of the comparative studies among different engagement strategies.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Mar 2021
Comparative StudyClinical Outcomes of Adults With Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A European Perspective.
To describe the clinical history of patients with a wide age range diagnosed with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and no surgical indication and to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients with BAV referred for elective surgery. ⋯ This regional cohort shows that the 10-year survival rates of patients with BAV and a wide age range, but mostly middle-aged adults, were similar to those of the general population with a very low rate of complications. Adherence to prophylactic surgical indications and younger age might have contributed to this lack of difference.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Mar 2021
The Association of Sleep Apnea and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Long-Term Major Cardiovascular Events.
To determine the risk of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) when sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) co-occur. ⋯ The incidence of MACE, especially mortality, was high in this sample. Moderate-to-severe SDB with concurrent decreased CRF was associated with higher risk of MACE than decreased CRF alone. These results highlight the importance of possibly including CRF in the risk assessment of patients with SDB and, conversely, that of screening for SDB in patients with low peak VO2.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Mar 2021
MELD and MELD XI Scores as Predictors of Mortality After Pericardiectomy for Constrictive Pericarditis.
To assess the association between the preoperative model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and MELD-XI (exclude international normalized ratio) score and outcomes in patients undergoing pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis. ⋯ Among patients undergoing pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis, MELD-XI and MELD were associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Although the simpler MELD-XI score generally performed as well or better than MELD as a correlate of various outcomes, both scores can serve as a simple yet robust risk stratification tool for patients undergoing pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Mar 2021
Observational StudyIncidence and Risk of Various Types of Arterial Thromboembolism in Patients With Cancer.
To describe the temporal association and identify risk factors between cancer diagnosis and various types of arterial thromboembolism (ATE). ⋯ In this observational study of an aggregated US patient population, those with newly diagnosed cancer had increased risk of ATE events. This risk was most elevated in a 330-day window around cancer diagnosis and was consistent across different types of ATE and cancer.