The Journal of infectious diseases
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to lower rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance after acute infection, higher HCV viremia, and accelerated progression of HCV-related fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying this acceleration of HCV progression by HIV are poorly understood, but HIV-induced dysfunction in the anti-HCV humoral immune response may play a role. ⋯ Depletion of CD4(+) T cells by HIV infection results in a global decline in the anti-HCV envelope antibody response, including binding antibody titers, nAb titers, and nAb breadth.
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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne acute infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS has been reported in China, South Korea, and Japan as a novel Bunyavirus. Although several molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies have been performed, the information obtained was limited, because the analyses included no or only a small number of SFTSV strains from Japan. ⋯ Two clades of SFTSV may have evolved separately over time. On rare occasions, the viruses were transmitted overseas to the region in which viruses of the other clade were prevalent.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Robust and Balanced Immune Responses to All 4 Dengue Virus Serotypes Following Administration of a Single Dose of a Live Attenuated Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine to Healthy, Flavivirus-Naive Adults.
The 4 serotypes of dengue virus, DENV-1-4, are the leading cause of arboviral disease globally. The ideal dengue vaccine would provide protection against all serotypes after a single dose. ⋯ NCT01072786 and NCT01436422.
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Review Meta Analysis
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Seroprevalence of Influenza A(H9N2) Infection Among Humans.
Given that influenza A(H9N2) is recognized as a pandemic threat, we evaluated the overall burden of influenza A(H9N2) infections among avian-exposed human populations. ⋯ A small proportion of avian-exposed humans had evidence of influenza A(H9N2) infection. As the virus has a near global distribution in poultry, it seems likely that present surveillance efforts are missing mild or asymptomatic infections among avian-exposed persons. It seems prudent to closely monitor avian-exposed populations for influenza A(H9N2) infection to provide prepandemic warnings.