Anästhesie, Intensivtherapie, Notfallmedizin
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Feb 1982
[Principles of clinical pharmacokinetics in anaesthesiology (author's transl)].
The principles of clinical pharmacokinetics of intravenous and inhalation anaesthesia and the correlation with pharmacodynamics are reviewed with special reference to the commonly used anaesthetic agents. Pharmacokinetics is regarded mainly as an aid towards optimization of dosage. ⋯ Interindividual variations and biological disposition are not taken into account. The kinetic processes common to intravenous and inhalation anaesthesia are presented in the form of a multiexponential function for constant concentrations.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Dec 1981
[Complications and risks of brachial plexus anaesthesia with special reference to long-term damage (author's transl)].
During 1974-1978 620 regional anaesthesias involving the brachial plexus were performed. Three techniques, viz: supraclavicular, axillary, interscalene were employed. The data are analysed with a view to comparing the efficacy and safety of the techniques with a special reference to long-term damage. ⋯ After 3 months all after-effects had disappeared. Plexus block via the axillary route proved to be the safest technique. Detailed inquiries and follow-up examinations established that none of the techniques had caused irreversible damage to the brachial plexus.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Oct 1981
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Epidural application of opiates in chronic pain due to malignoma (author's transl)].
In 75 patients epidural opiates were applied for relief of chronic cancer pain. In order to avoid local infection during long-term therapy part of the catheter was placed subcutaneously. Different opiates were used separately or in combination with local anaesthetics to define the degree and duration of pain relief after epidural opiate application. ⋯ Epidural opiate application cause a long-lasting reduction of pain, which may become restricted during long-term or repeated use, especially after a period of systemic opiate therapy. Side-effects, for example slight respiratory depression in the first hour after injection, indicate an initial phase of resorption beeing followed by a long-lasting reduction of pain without attendant symptoms. Keeping in mind certain precautions epidural opiate therapy is superior to systemic opiate application.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Aug 1981
[Respiratory training with intermittent positive pressure in acute respiratory disturbances (author's transl)].
In a clinical study the applicability and effectiveness of breathing therapy with intermittent positive pressure in cases of incipient or already established pulmonary complications are evaluated. The case material was divided into four groups: 1. ⋯ Individual respiratory training succeeded in all patients in significantly improving the arterial blood gases; prolonged artificial ventilation could be dispensed with. The method and its limitations and indications for its use are reviewed.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Aug 1981
[Late laryngeal and tracheal complications after prolonged naso-tracheal intubation (author's transl)].
The causes, incidence and means of preventing sequelae (late complications) after long-term intubation are discussed and the literature is reviewed. 6 of 353 surviving patients with neurosurgical disorders required treatment following prolonged intubation. The incidence of subglottic and tracheal stenoses was 1,14 per cent and of other laryngeal damages was 1,13 per cent. The primary disorder and unfavourable conditions attending its treatment appear to be responsible for the complications.