North American journal of medical sciences
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Pilonidal sinus is a disease which is very common, especially in men and usually located in sacrococcygeal area. However, the disease can be also seen in rare localizations such as umblicus, forehead, scalp, clitoris, interdigital area and axilla. In the etiology of pilonidal sinus, acquired theory is accepted by most of surgeons instead of the congenital one. ⋯ In our opinion; surgical therapy of axillary pilonidal sinus, allows to complete resection in addition to absolute histopathological diagnoses and it may be an appropriate choice of treatment especially for the disease having one or two sinuses.
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Emphysematous cystitis is defined by the presence of gas in the urinary bladder wall. It complicates urinary tract infections especially in diabetic patients. ⋯ Every diabetic patient with a urinary tract infection who seems to be severely ill should have an abdominal X-ray as a minimal screening tool to detect emphysematous complications.
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It is estimated that as much as 6-8% population suffers from food allergy or food antigen-related disorders. The prevalence keeps rising. So far we do not have identified remedy to treat food allergy. ⋯ Several animal models have been established and used in food allergy study. One of the common features of these food allergy animal models is that most of them require using microbial products as adjuvant to sensitize animals. This review documents the recent advance in the mechanistic study on concurrent use of microbial products and food antigens to study food allergy.