Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized controlled trial of single point acupuncture in primary dysmenorrhea.
Acupuncture is often used for primary dysmenorrhea. But there is no convincing evidence due to low methodological quality. We aim to assess immediate effect of acupuncture at specific acupoint compared with unrelated acupoint and nonacupoint on primary dysmenorrhea. ⋯ Specific acupoint acupuncture produced a statistically, but not clinically, significant effect compared with unrelated acupoint and nonacupoint acupuncture in primary dysmenorrhea patients. Future studies should focus on effects of multiple points acupuncture on primary dysmenorrhea.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of cognitive load and patient race on physicians' decisions to prescribe opioids for chronic low back pain: a randomized trial.
To test the hypothesis that racial biases in opioid prescribing would be more likely under high levels of cognitive load, defined as the amount of mental activity imposed on working memory, which may come from environmental factors such as stressful conditions, chaotic workplace, staffing insufficiency, and competing demands, one's own psychological or physiological state, as well as from demands inherent in the task at hand. ⋯ Physician gender affected the way in which patient race and cognitive load influenced decisions to prescribe opioids for chronic pain. Future research is needed to further explore the potential effects of physician gender on racial biases in pain treatment, and the effects of physician cognitive load on pain treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pain beliefs predict pain intensity and pain status in children: usefulness of the pediatric version of the survey of pain attitudes.
Pain attitudes and beliefs are hypothesized to influence pain and adjustment to pain. Valid and reliable measures of these beliefs are necessary to test their hypothesized associations with outcomes. The Pediatric version of the Survey of Pain Attitudes (Peds-SOPA) is a new measure with limited evidence regarding its psychometric properties. This study sought to: 1) evaluate the predictive validity, reliability, and factor structure of the Peds-SOPA; and 2) determine if there are sex- or age-related differences in children's attitudes toward pain. ⋯ The current findings provide additional support for the reliability and validity of the Peds-SOPA, and suggest that children's pain attitudes and beliefs might be important intervention targets in pain treatment.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Postoperative pain in complex ophthalmic surgical procedures: comparing practice with guidelines.
To analyze the management of postoperative pain after complex ophthalmic surgery and to compare it to the guidelines. ⋯ Postoperative pain management and perioperative care of patients undergoing major ophthalmic surgery indicates lack of attention towards pain intensity and postoperative analgesia. Appropriate interventions should be employed to improve postoperative pain management, to facilitate patient recovery.