[Hokkaido igaku zasshi] The Hokkaido journal of medical science
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Recent development and the future prospects of acute medicine as well as emergency medical treatment system in Japan are reviewed. At first, I described the history of medical system, transporting system, and information system in the emergency medical treatment system, and then strongly emphasized the practical use of this system. The base of the system was constructed in the middle 1970s and has greatly developed during recent two decades. ⋯ The education of acute medicine should be expanded to nurses, comedical stuffs, ambulant teams, and the citizens who are the constituent member of the prehospital care. Based on the establishment of emergency medical treatment system and the spread of acute medicine, I believe that Japanese people can get an affluent and safety life. I hope more development of emergency medical treatment system and acute medicine in the 21st century.
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Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi · Jul 2000
[The roles of mitochondrial permeability transition in brain ischemia].
Mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is a phenomenon which occurs under adverse conditions such as an increase in mitochondrial calcium content and oxidative stress. The MPT causes the opening of mitochondrial megachannels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration, leading to cellular energy failure. Recent experiments have suggested that the MPT also releases specific proteins from mitochondria and activates the cascades of programmed cell death. ⋯ CsA (0.1-10 microM) but not FK506 (0.1-1 microM) inhibited MPT. CsA (50 mg/kg, i.p.) dramatically protected CA1 neurons in the hippocampus for 7 days after 5-min forebrain ischemia in the gerbil. These results suggest that calcium is the major inducer of MPT of the brain mitochondria, and that CsA can potentially inhibit MPT and ameliorate the ischemic tissue injury of the brain.
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Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi · Jan 1999
[Usefulness of arterio-portal shunt in 40% hepatectomized and hepatic artery-occluded model].
We performed an experimental study in dogs with 40% hepatectomy to prove the efficacy and safety of arterio-portal shunt (APS). Forty-two adult mongrel dogs were used for the experiments. After dearterialization of all the collateral arteries to the liver, the dogs were divided into 3 groups. ⋯ The number of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)-positive hepatocytes significantly increased at p.o. 1 week in both groups. These findings revealed that regeneration of the liver in Group 1 with APS was equivalent to that in Group 2 with mere hepatectomy for p.o. 4 weeks at least. These results indicate that liver failure can be averted by constructing APS in hepatectomy cases where reconstruction of the hepatic artery is impossible.
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Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi · Mar 1998
Comparative StudyEffects of volatile anesthetics on respiratory activity and chemosensitivity in the isolated brainstem-spinal cord of the newborn rat.
To elucidate the various actions of volatile anesthetics on respiratory activity and chemosensitivity, we have studied the activities of the respiration-related structures in the medulla of the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation of the newborn rat. Halothane decreased respiratory burst frequency (fR), inspiratory duration (Ti), integrated ventral C4 root activity (integral of C4) and respiratory minute activity (RMA) in a concentration-dependent fashion. Bicuculline counteracted the depressive effect of halothane on fR, integral of C4, and RMA. ⋯ Prolongation of Ti by enflurane, seen clinically, does not seem to be either central or GABAergic. These findings demonstrate the responsiveness to CO2 and the respiratory compensation mechanism via respiratory frequency in the isolated preparation. It is, furthermore, indicated that halothane preserves the central chemosensitivity while its concentration is high enough to reduce the respiratory activities.