Beiträge zur gerichtlichen Medizin
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Beitr. Gerichtl. Med. · Jan 1992
Case Reports[False positive radiographic findings in expert assessment of whiplash trauma of the cervical spine].
It is reported about a possible misdiagnosis after whiplash injuries. Calcifications of the nuchal ligament have been interpreted as fractures. The inappropriate radiological diagnosis has been corrected within the criminal procedure. Prolonged complaints as possible consequences of information about the false positive radiological diagnosis to the patient are discussed.
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A suicidal injury from a livestock stunner ("humane killer") serves to demonstrate the reconstruction possibilities presented by the morphology of the bolt entrance wound and the imprimata. There are differences to common bullet entrance holes with regard to caliber and soot deposits but also with regard to the wound margin features and the characteristics with shots fired at an oblique angle.
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A 56 year old man committed suicide in his car with a self constructed weapon ("gun"). Construction and function of the self made gun as well as the main gunshot injuries are described.
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On the suggestion of Conzelmann et al. (1977) and Lerch (1982), 176 shooting fatalities with 249 shot wounds in the South Baden region were evaluated in a multi-dimensional analysis of such data as place of death, autopsy findings, forensic examinations, and police and court files. Data were collected on incident, victim, culprit, weapon used, motive and the special circumstances of each case. The greatest number of deaths are suicides of inebriated men using handguns of medium-size caliber (7.65 and 9 mm), followed by homicidal shooting deaths, some involving multiple shots at longer range, though one-third were at close range. 78% of the shots fired from rifles and shotguns were in connection with suicides, 50% involved small-caliber weapon, 86% of the victims were men. ⋯ In 50% of the homicides, the killer was either the mate or a relative of the victim, was between 40 and 60 years of age, and committed suicide after shooting his mate. In 78% of the cases, killer and victim knew each other. Two-thirds of all the suicides occurred in the home, with the bedroom being the preferred scene in 25% of the cases.
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The early schocklung-syndrome was investigated by morphological and morphometrical methods in order to discriminate the influence of different etiological factors on shock. Survival times up to 11 days were included in the investigation. ⋯ Cases of immediate death after brain damage served as controls. Apart from well known parameters of the shocklung--interstitial edema with increase of lung weight, intravasal sticking of granulocytes etc.--lymphangiektasy proved to be a reliable parameter to differentiate the temporal and etiological development of shock.