The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialCarboplatin plus etoposide versus topotecan as second-line treatment for patients with sensitive relapsed small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.
Topotecan is currently the only drug approved in Europe in a second-line setting for the treatment of small-cell lung cancer. This study investigated whether the doublet of carboplatin plus etoposide was superior to topotecan as a second-line treatment in patients with sensitive relapsed small-cell lung cancer. ⋯ Amgen and the French Lung Cancer Group (Groupe Français de Pneumo-Cancérologie).
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2020
ReviewMolecular profiling of neuroendocrine tumours to predict response and toxicity to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a type of radiotherapy that targets peptide receptors and is typically used for neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Some of the key challenges in its use are the prediction of efficacy and toxicity, patient selection, and response optimisation. In this Review, we assess current knowledge on the molecular profile of NETs and the strategies and tools used to predict, monitor, and assess the toxicity of PRRT. ⋯ No molecular markers exist that can predict the toxicity of PRRT. Candidate molecular targets include seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are susceptible to radiation. Transcriptomic evaluations of blood and a combination of gene expression and specific SNPs, assessed by machine learning with algorithms that are tumour-specific, might yield molecular tools to enhance the efficacy and safety of PRRT.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2020
Multicenter StudyDurvalumab with first-line chemotherapy in previously untreated malignant pleural mesothelioma (DREAM): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial with a safety run-in.
There is a strong unmet need to improve systemic therapy in mesothelioma. Chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed improves survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are an emerging treatment in this disease. We aimed to evaluate the activity of durvalumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, given during and after first-line chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. ⋯ AstraZeneca.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2020
Apatinib in patients with advanced chordoma: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 study.
No standard treatment exists for advanced chordoma. Apatinib has been found to have promising efficacy and manageable adverse effects for the treatment of solid tumours. We aimed to investigate the safety and antitumour activity of apatinib in patients with advanced chordoma. ⋯ None.