Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
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The penetrating electrode auditory brainstem implant (PABI) is an extension of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) technology originally developed for individuals deafened by neurofibromatosis type 2. Whereas the conventional ABI uses surface electrodes on the cochlear nuclei, the PABI uses 8 or 10 penetrating microelectrodes in conjunction with a separate array of 10 or 12 surface electrodes. The goals of the PABI were to use microstimulation to reduce threshold current levels, increase the range of pitch percepts, and improve electrode selectivity and speech recognition. PATIENTS AND PROTOCOL: In a prospective clinical trial, 10 individuals, all with neurofibromatosis type 2, received a PABI after vestibular schwannoma removal via a translabyrinthine approach. All study participants met strict requirements for informed consent as part of a Food and Drug Administration clinical trial. Approximately 8 weeks after implantation, PABI devices were activated and tested at our tertiary clinical and research facility. Mean follow-up time was 33.8 months. ⋯ The PABI met the goals of lower threshold, increased pitch range, and high selectivity, but these properties did not result in improved speech recognition.
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Biography Historical Article
Avicenna's treatise on otology in Medieval Persia.
Avicenna (AD 980-1037) was one of the best-known physicians of his time. Born in Persia, he gained notoriety both in the local and international scenes. Avicenna's best-known book, Canon of Medicine, was the standard textbook of medicine for more than five centuries in Europe and the Persian Empire. ⋯ Correlation was made with the Arabic text as well to ensure accuracy. This study provides a review of Avicenna's significant contributions to the concepts in anatomy and the pathophysiology of ear diseases. Herbal and nonherbal medications used in the treatment of otologic disorders are also discussed.
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To evaluate the ototoxicity of ciclopirox-containing solution as an otologic preparation for the treatment of otomycosis. ⋯ In the guinea pig, when applied topically to the middle ear, ciclopirox does not cause a reduction in the ABR threshold. Because its safety has not yet been confirmed in patients, caution should be observed when prescribing this agent.
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To describe characteristic features of metastatic lesion to the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal (IAC). ⋯ Recognizing characteristic patterns of spread to the CPA and IAC can aid the clinician in the diagnosis of metastatic lesions to this area. Clinical history of rapidly progressive cranial nerve deficits, particularly facial paralysis in a patient with a history of malignancy, increases the level of suspicion. Imaging characteristics of metastatic lesions to the CPA include adjacent vasogenic edema observed on T2-weighted imaging and FLAIR, eccentric location to the IAC, and multiple lesions observed on head and neck imaging.
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To examine the microsurgical anatomy of the jugular foramen and correlate anatomical findings to clinical manifestations of jugular foramen schwannomas concerning tumor origin and location. ⋯ The reason for the predilection of the jugular foramen schwannoma for the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves may be associated with the presence of their ganglions within the jugular foramen. Also, the inferior petrosal sinus may act as a barrier to tumor growth, and the location of the ganglion of tumor origination within the jugular foramen in relation to the inferior petrosal sinus may be correlated to the predominant direction of tumor extension.