Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
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Histopathologic study of the tissue seal and biologic response around cochlear implant electrodes in patients who had received a cochlear implant during life could provide clues concerning the pathogenesis of meningitis after cochlear implantation. ⋯ The histologic evidence presented in this study does not support open communication between the middle and the inner ear as part of the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis as a late complication after cochlear implantation. Rather, the finding of a cellular inflammatory response in 12 of 21 temporal bones suggests that late hematogenous contamination and colonization of the implant is a much more likely pathogenic mechanism. This putative mechanism has implications for possible strategies to prevent meningitis after cochlear implantation.
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Retrospective study and review of the complications other than those related to the facial nerve and hearing, encountered in acoustic neuroma surgery. Also, an evaluation of hospital stay and its relation with various factors. ⋯ Perioperative complications in acoustic neuroma surgery do exist, but this study demonstrated how low the incidence is. The authors believe that the low percentage of complications is mainly attributable to the majority of operations being carried out in specialized clinics, where they are considered routine operations. They believe that following individualized approaches, depending on tumor size and on the preoperative function of the cranial nerves, is the proper way to reach a significant reduction in complications while maintaining a high percentage of total tumor removal. The results of this study, considered as a basis of comparison with other studies, will certainly be useful in preoperative patient counseling.
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In this study we tested the effect of local administration of D-methionine, sodium thiosulfate, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth factor-2 on cisplatin ototoxicity in guinea pigs to the round window membrane. ⋯ Local application to the round window membrane can be used as an effective treatment in the prevention of cisplatin toxicity. Local application may avoid systemic side effects and reduce the antineoplastic effects of cisplatin.
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To determine the predictive value of proximal facial nerve electrical threshold and proximal-to-distal facial muscle compound action potential amplitude ratio on facial nerve outcomes after resection of vestibular schwannomas. ⋯ Intraoperative monitoring has significantly decreased facial nerve morbidity in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Despite the advances in surgery and monitoring, a group of patients still have poor facial nerve outcomes. The use of intraoperative nerve monitoring may be able to predict poor long-term facial nerve outcomes and thus modify the timing of rehabilitation.
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Comparative Study
Long-term evaluation of the effect of intracochlear steroid deposition on electrode impedance in cochlear implant patients.
To evaluate the long-term effect of intracochlear steroid deposition on electrode impedance in patients with cochlear implants. ⋯ The application of a single dose of a steroid solution reduces the electrode impedances significantly, and, for the straight electrodes, this effect seems to last. It seems justified to reimplant with caution, because this seems to increase the impedances substantially.