Anesthesia & pain control in dentistry
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Anesth Pain Control Dent · Jan 1992
Comparative StudyIntraoral conduction anesthesia with epinephrine-containing local anesthetics and arterial epinephrine plasma concentration.
Following conduction anesthesia using either lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000, articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000, or articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:200,000, the arterial plasma epinephrine concentration was measured. Eighteen healthy young patients scheduled for osteotomy of a mandibular third molar were studied. Each local anesthetic-epinephrine combination was tested in six patients. ⋯ The result was explained by the concentration difference in the local anesthetics. Although the vasodilating action of lidocaine and articaine is almost identical, there will be enhanced vasodilation by the doubled concentration in the case of articaine (4%) and the local resorption of epinephrine may be facilitated. There were no significant changes in the measured cardiovascular parameters.
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Anesth Pain Control Dent · Jan 1992
Biography Historical ArticleVictory over pain: an historical perspective.
Horace Wells, a dentist, is credited with the discovery of anesthesia. However, there are others who experimented with inhalation agents long before Wells' time. This paper reviews the history of anesthesia and recounts its discovery by Wells in 1844 as we approach the 150th anniversary of the event.