Journal of pediatric intensive care
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J Pediatr Intensive Care · Jun 2012
Effect of endotracheal tube leakage on respiratory function monitoring: Comparison of three neonatal ventilators.
In preterm infants, lung function monitoring is important for lung-protective mechanical ventilation. In this study, we used a neonatal lung model to investigate the effect of endotracheal tube (ETT) leakage on the monitoring of tidal volume (VT) and lung mechanics using different ventilators. A neonatal lung model was ventilated via a 3 mm ETT using three ventilators, Babylog 8000, Leoni, and Stephanie. ⋯ The displayed resistance increased with increasing ETT leakage for the three ventilators, but quite different. The effect of ETT leakage on displayed VT and lung mechanical parameters is ventilator-dependent. ETT leakage can lead to incorrect measurements that indicate reduced VT, improvement of lung compliance, or ETT obstruction.
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J Pediatr Intensive Care · Mar 2012
Definitions of SIRS and sepsis in correlation with early and late onset neonatal sepsis.
Objective: To examine the applicability of the 2002 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference definitions of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis to term and preterm newborns in the diagnosis of early (EOS) and late onset sepsis (LOS). Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 1) all newborns with hospitalization within the first 72 hours of life and 2) infants with episodes of suspected LOS at a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit between 2004 and 2008, and correlating the definitions of SIRS and sepsis with culture proven and clinical EOS and LOS. Results: Association with EOS: Among term newborns SIRS and sepsis definitions applied to 62 and 39/245 newborns (25% and 16%, respectively) and to 5/13 cases of culture proven EOS (38%) and 34/66 cases of clinical EOS (52%), respectively. ⋯ Association with LOS: SIRS and sepsis definitions applied to 5/5 episodes of culture proven LOS (100%) and to 4/9 episodes of clinical LOS (44%) in newborns who were term at onset of sepsis (corrected gestational age) and to 14/19 episodes of culture proven LOS (74%) and 24/28 episodes of clinical LOS (86%) in preterm newborns. Conclusion: The definitions of SIRS and sepsis correlated well with LOS but poorly with EOS, where nearly two thirds of term and one quarter of preterm newborns would have been missed. Postnatal age rather than gestational age had a positive influence on the correlation.