Articles: respiratory-distress-syndrome.
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The hemodynamic and respiratory effects of spontaneous ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and mechanical ventilation with positive and expiratory pressure (CPPV) were compared in six patients with acute respiratory failure. Arterial and mixed venous gases, cardiac output, oxygen delivery and consumption, airway and oesophageal pressures were measured, with each patient on intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), CPAP and CPPV with the same level of positive and expiratory pressure (PEEP = 20 cmH2O). ⋯ However total oxygene consumption and PaCO2 were slightly increased with CPAP due to a higher breathing's work. So, CPAP is as efficient as CPPV at the same level of PEEP in improving intra-pulmonary shunt and PaO2, without adversely affecting cardiac output.
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This study points out that in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) had in every case the same action on functional residual capacity and static lung compliance. However its results on PaO2, PaCO2 and circulation are often different from patient to patient according also to the different levels of PEEP. The level of optimal PEEP is that which opens the largest number of alveoli; it is better defined by the value of PaO2 on 100% oxygen than by static compliance.
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Birth Defects Orig. Artic. Ser. · Jan 1979
Simultaneous transcutaneous oxygen tension and tissue pH monitoring in sick neonates.
Our studies show that simultaneous tcPO2 and tpH monitoring is feasible and they indicate a highly significant degree of correlation between arterial PO2 and tcPO2 on the one hand and arterial pH and tpH on the other. We also conclude that tissue pH as measured with tpH electrode is a close approximation of arterial pH in sick neonates.