Articles: mortality.
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Social science & medicine · Nov 2009
Inequality in individual mortality and economic conditions earlier in life.
We analyze the effect of being born in a recession on the mortality rate later in life in conjunction with social class. We use individual data records from Dutch registers of birth, marriage, and death certificates, covering the period 1815-2000, and we merge these with historical data on macro-economic outcomes and health indicators. We estimate duration models and inequality measures. ⋯ Lower social classes suffer disproportionally from being born in recessions. This exacerbates mortality inequality. Upward mobility does not vary much with the business cycle at birth.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg S · Oct 2009
Development and validation of the revised injury severity classification score for severely injured patients.
Trauma scores are often used for prognostication and the adjustment of mortality data. The appropriate consideration of identified prognostic factors is mandatory for a valid score with good outcome prediction properties. The Trauma Registry of the German Society for Trauma Surgery (TR-DGU) initially used the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) but various reasons led to the development of a new scoring system, the Revised Injury Severity Classification (RISC). ⋯ Outcome prediction including initial laboratory values was able to significantly improve the ability to discriminate between survivors and nonsurvivors. The adjustment of mortality rates should be based on the best available prediction model.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg S · Oct 2009
Base excess determined within one hour of admission predicts mortality in patients with severe pelvic fractures and severe hemorrhagic shock.
Unstable pelvic ring fractures with exsanguinating hemorrhages are rare but potentially lifethreatening injuries. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate whether early changes in acid- base parameters predict mortality of patients with severe pelvic trauma and hemorrhagic shock. ⋯ Base excess, lactate, and pH discriminate early survivors from nonsurvivors suffering from severe pelvic trauma and hemorrhagic shock. Base excess measured 1 h after admission best predicted early mortality following pelvic trauma with concomitant hemorrhage.
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Review Meta Analysis
The morbidity and mortality associated with overweight and obesity in adulthood: a systematic review.
Overweight and obesity are generally thought to elevate morbidity and mortality. New data call this supposed association into question. ⋯ The prevailing notion that overweight increases morbidity and mortality, as compared to so-called normal weight, is in need of further specification. Obesity, however, is indeed associated with an elevated risk for most of the diseases studied.
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Pronounced changes in patterns of health take place in adolescence and young adulthood, but the effects on mortality patterns worldwide have not been reported. We analysed worldwide rates and patterns of mortality between early adolescence and young adulthood. ⋯ WHO and National Health and Medical Research Council.