Review
Ethical and legal issues in emergency research: barriers to conducting prospective randomized trials in an emergency setting.
J. Surg. Res. 2009 Nov 1;157(1):115-22.
Review
Risk in emergency research using a waiver of/exception from consent: implications of a structured approach for institutional review board review.
Acad Emerg Med. 2005 Nov 1;12(11):1104-12.
Review
Is emergency research without initial consent justified?: the consent substitute model.
Arch. Intern. Med. 2010 Apr 26;170(8):668-74.