• Resuscitation · Jun 2014

    Review Meta Analysis

    Adrenaline for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

    • Steve Lin, Clifton W Callaway, Prakesh S Shah, Justin D Wagner, Joseph Beyene, Carolyn P Ziegler, and Laurie J Morrison.
    • Rescu, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: LinS@smh.ca.
    • Resuscitation. 2014 Jun 1; 85 (6): 732-40.

    IntroductionThe evidence for adrenaline in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation is inconclusive. We systematically reviewed the efficacy of adrenaline for adult OHCA.MethodsWe searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from inception to July 2013 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating standard dose adrenaline (SDA) to placebo, high dose adrenaline (HDA), or vasopressin (alone or combination) in adult OHCA patients. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects modeling. Subgroup analyses were performed stratified by cardiac rhythm and by number of drug doses. The primary outcome was survival to discharge and the secondary outcomes were return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to admission, and neurological outcome.ResultsFourteen RCTs (n=12,246) met inclusion criteria: one compared SDA to placebo (n=534), six compared SDA to HDA (n=6174), six compared SDA to an adrenaline/vasopressin combination (n=5202), and one compared SDA to vasopressin alone (n=336). There was no survival to discharge or neurological outcome differences in any comparison group, including subgroup analyses. SDA showed improved ROSC (RR 2.80, 95%CI 1.78-4.41, p<0.001) and survival to admission (RR 1.95, 95%CI 1.34-2.84, p<0.001) compared to placebo. SDA showed decreased ROSC (RR 0.85, 95%CI 0.75-0.97, p=0.02; I(2)=48%) and survival to admission (RR 0.87, 95%CI 0.76-1.00, p=0.049; I(2)=34%) compared to HDA. There were no differences in outcomes between SDA and vasopressin alone or in combination with adrenaline.ConclusionsThere was no benefit of adrenaline in survival to discharge or neurological outcomes. There were improved rates of survival to admission and ROSC with SDA over placebo and HDA over SDA.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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    This article appears in the collection: Cardiac Arrest.

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