Gastrointestinal endoscopy
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Gastrointest. Endosc. · Sep 1998
Is there a synergistic effect between mixed bacterial infection in biofilm formation on biliary stents?
Biliary sludge which forms as a result of bacterial adherence and biofilm formation in the biliary system is a recognized cause of blockage of plastic stents. Bacteriological cultures of sludge have revealed a mixed infection with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Animal studies have shown that prophylactic ciprofloxacin, which selectively suppress gram-negative bacteria, results in prolonged stent patency despite colonization of the stents by gram-positive bacteria. ⋯ We concluded that there is a synergistic effect between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in adherence and biofilm formation.
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Gastrointest. Endosc. · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPlacebo-controlled trial assessing the use of oral midazolam as a premedication to conscious sedation for pediatric endoscopy.
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of midazolam, as premedication before intravenous conscious sedation, on preprocedural, procedural, and post-procedural patient comfort and anxiety in children undergoing endoscopy. ⋯ Oral midazolam is an effective and safe premedication for children undergoing upper endoscopy and should be used in all anxious children and in patients previously judged to be difficult to sedate.
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Gastrointest. Endosc. · Jan 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialMidazolam versus diazepam in lipid emulsion as conscious sedation for colonoscopy with or without reversal of sedation with flumazenil.
The efficacy and tolerance of midazolam (Dormicum R) versus diazepam in lipid emulsion (Diazemuls R, Dumex) was evaluated in a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial in 200 patients undergoing total colonoscopy. ⋯ We conclude that midazolam can be used safely in relatively fit patients between 17 and 65 years old and that it is the drug of choice if amnesia is desirable. As sole premedication this drug was insufficient in 42% of the patients (pain score was greater than 3), especially in young women.
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Gastrointest. Endosc. · Jan 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA prospective randomized trial comparing the use of the flexible gastroscope versus the bronchoscope in the management of foreign body ingestion.
Foreign body ingestion is a common clinical problem in Hong Kong. Some recent reports have proposed the use of flexible nasoendoscopy for foreign body retrieval. The present study is a prospective randomized trial on the use of the flexible gastroscope and bronchoscope in the management of foreign body ingestion. ⋯ The use of the flexible gastroscope is recommended because of its efficacy, safety, and tolerability.