Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Benefits of an oxygen reservoir cannula versus a conventional nasal cannula during exercise in hypoxemic COPD patients: a crossover trial.
The Oxymizer® is a special nasal cannula that provides a higher luminal diameter in combination with an incorporated oxygen (O2) reservoir. It is assumed that a higher O2 concentration can be delivered breath by breath in order to increase oxygenation. ⋯ We show that O2 delivery via the Oxymizer is superior to a CNC with regard to endurance capacity and oxygenation during exercise in patients with severe COPD. It seems that patients with a higher demand for O2 (≥ 4 liters/min), in particular, may benefit more from the use of the Oxymizer.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Pneumothorax following endobronchial valve therapy and its impact on clinical outcomes in severe emphysema.
Patients who achieve significant target lobe volume reduction (TLVR) following endobronchial valve (EBV) treatment may experience substantial improvements in clinical outcome measures. However, in cases of rapid TLVR, the risk of pneumothorax increases due to parenchymal rupture of the adjacent untreated lobe. Target lobe collapse may be more likely in EBV-treated patients who have low collateral ventilation. ⋯ Although pneumothorax is a complication of EBV placement, it does not appear to have a negative impact on clinical outcome in terms of FEV1 and health-related quality of life.
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Pleural manometry can predict the presence of trapped lung and guide large-volume thoracentesis. The current technique for pleural manometry transduces pressure from the needle or intercostal catheter, necessitating intermittent cessation of fluid drainage at the time of pressure recordings. ⋯ Pleural manometry can be transduced from an epidural catheter passed through the drainage tube into the pleural space, which gives continuous recording of the pleural pressure throughout the procedure. This allows for automated calculation and display of the pleural pressure and PEL in real time, if the system is connected to a computer with appropriate software.
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Limited information is available regarding the factors related to short-term hospital admission following an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (eCOPD). ⋯ Just a few easily recorded parameters may allow clinicians to identify patients at a higher risk of short-term readmission and establish preventive strategies.
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Human herpes viruses (HHVs) are important pathogens in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Rapid and efficient diagnostic tools are needed to detect HHVs in the lung in ALI/ARDS patients. ⋯ The implementation of multiplex and real-time PCR of BALF was feasible in ALI/ARDS patients, which allowed efficient detection and quantification of HHV DNA.