Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
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The concentration of exhaled nitric oxide ([NO]) has been reported to reflect the inflammatory process of airways in patients with bronchial asthma, particularly when they are steroid naive. However, it is not fully understood whether it equally reflects the degree of airway inflammation in patients receiving inhaled corticosteroids, but whose symptoms are not necessarily well controlled. ⋯ Although exhaled [NO] is a useful marker of airway inflammation for differential diagnosis and evaluation of severity in steroid-naive patients with bronchial asthma, it may not be as useful in steroid-treated patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Placebo-controlled study of inhaled budesonide on indices of airway inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchial biopsies in cross-country skiers.
Asthma-like symptoms, methacholine hyperresponsiveness, use of inhaled steroids, airway inflammation, and increased tenascin expression in the reticular basement membrane have been reported in competitive cross-country skiers. ⋯ We were unable to show any clear beneficial effect of budesonide in 'ski asthma'. As changes in training intensity probably accounted for the spontaneous improvement in bronchial responsiveness, more attention should be directed at reducing environmental stress to the airways than at attempting pharmacological modulation of induced inflammatory changes.
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Echinococcus disease is endemic in sheep-and cattle-raising areas world wide. Its prevalence is also high in the Mediterranean region including Turkey. ⋯ In conclusion, hydatidosis is still an important public health problem in Turkey and in an endemic country such as Turkey hydatid lung disease should be considered initially in a patient presenting with a corresponding chest roentgenogram and a compatible epidemiologic history. Surgery is indicated in all symptomatic and/or enlarging or infected cysts. When necessary lobectomy or wedge resection can be the procedure of choice. Single-stage combined resection is preferred in hydatid lung disease with associated liver hydatid cysts. Total postoperative complication and mortality rate is low and we recommend a close follow-up of the operated cases to diagnose postoperative recurrence early in its course.
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Trepopnea is a condition whereby breathing may be comfortable in one position but difficult or labored in another. A unique case with trepopnea due to recurrent lung cancer with right main pulmonary artery stenosis and left main bronchus obstruction is presented. ⋯ An emergent wall stent implantation was performed via the right femoral vein in the sitting position with the patient's leg stretched out. The symptoms and respiratory function improved after stent implantation.